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ABSTRACT
The study examined the relationship between work life balance and employee productivity. The objectives of the study are to examine the relationship between time management and employee productivity, to examine the relationship between work flexibility and employee productivity, to examine the relationship between leave plan and employee productivity and to examine the influence of organizational culture on the relationship between work life balance and employee productivity. The descriptive and survey method was employed to focus on some selected commercial banks in Port Harcourt which include Fidelity Bank Garrison Junction, First Bank Garrison Junction and Stanbic IBTC Bank Garrison Junction. The population of the study was made to be one hundred (100). The Yaro Yemen’s formula was used to determine the sample size of 80. The data collection for the purpose is mainly primary and secondary. The primary source, questionnaires and oral interview were administered to the respondents. The Chi-Square (X2) statistical techniques was used to test the hypothesis. Findings reveal that there is a significant relationship between work-life balance and employee productivity. Based on the findings of the study summary, conclusion and recommendations were made that management should ensure that time is managed properly in the organization for employees to keep to their resumption time, employee work should be made flexible and enriched in order to enhance employee productivity and managers commercial banks of these organizations should encourage their employee to fix their leave at their convenient period after performing all their work-related duties.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE 1
ABSTRACT 1
CHAPTER 1 4
INTRODUCTION 4
1.1 Background of the Study 4
1.2 Statement of the Problem 6
1.3 Purpose/Objective of the Study 7
1.4 Research Questions 7
1.5 Research Hypothesis 8
1.6 Significance of the Study 8
1.7 Scope/Delimitation of the Study 9
1.8 Definition of Terms 9
CHAPTER 2 10
LITERATURE REVIEW 10
2.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 10
2.1.1 Concept of Work Life Balance 11
2.1.2 Dimensions of Work Life balance 13
2.1.3 Components of Work-Life Balance 14
2.1.4 Work -Life Balance Options 15
2.1.5 Prospects of Work-Life Balance (WLB) 18
2.1.6 Challenges to Work-Life Balance Policies (WLB) 20
2.1.7 Consequences of Employee Work-Life Imbalance 22
2.1.8 Employee productivity 23
2.1.9 Measures of Employee productivity 24
2.1.10 Relationship Between Work Life Balance and employee productivity 25
2.2 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK 28
2.2.1 Segmentation Theory 28
2.2.2 Compensation Theory 28
2.3 Empirical Review 29
CHAPTER 3 32
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 32
3.1 Research Design 32
3.2 Population of the Study 32
3.3 Sample And Sampling Techniques 33
3.4 Data Collection Method 34
3.5 Method of Data Analysis 34
3.6 Reliability and Validity 35
CHAPTER 4 36
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 36
4.1 Data Collection And Presentation 36
4.2 Data Analysis 37
4.3 Testing of Hypothesis 41
CHAPTER 5 46
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 46
5.1 Summary 46
5.2 Conclusions 46
5.3 Recommendations 47
REFERENCES 48
APPENDIX II 52
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Productivity is critical for the long-term competitiveness and profitability of organizations. Studies have shown that emotional intelligence is positively related to employee productivity and organizational performance as well (Parkes et al., 2008). More specifically, emotional intelligence has been shown to have positive outcomes, such as low turnover intention, improvement of performance, and job satisfaction (Garrard-Leiva et al., 2012). One of the ways an organization can enhance productivity is through work life balance.
Today, work life balance has become increasingly pervasive concern to both employers and employees of most organizations. Work life balance which primarily deals with employee’s ability to properly prioritize between wok and his/her life style, social life, health, family etc. is greatly linked with employee’s productivity, performances and job satisfaction. Where there is proper balance between work and life, employees tend to put in their best efforts to work because their family is happy.
Clark (200) defined work life balance as satisfaction and good functioning at work and at home with a minimum of role of conflict. It could be condition of equilibrium where the demands of a personal work equals that of his personal life.
A central characteristics of work life. Balance is the amount of time a person spends at work. The in cation that longs works work hours may harm personal health, endanger safety and increase stress. Developing economics challenges and labour market pressures added to poor social infrastructures, poverty high unemployment and corruption, these condition further execrate the work lie average Nigerian worker and life of the Nigerian which aims is to make a cognitive psychological coping behaviours that stimulate desirable satisfaction and effectual workers in Nigerian are affected by the lack of work flexibility, elevated work pressures that desirable the performance and productivity of the work force.
Inadequate work life balance is a problem that poses a big risk to workers wellbeing, their performances as well as the organizational performances many employees often have difficulties, in attempting to balance employment responsibilities with their social lie. Given the benefit of work life balance practices and the potential to help improve employee’s jobs performances in times of increased organizational commitment, job satisfaction, reduction on the turnover rate, most organization has introduced programs to assist the employees in achieving a balance work life which include, flexible working hours, employees assistance program and leave programmes.
Most research studies have shown that when there are happy homes, workplaces automatically become conflict free and enjoyable places to be. Increasing attrition rates and increasing demand or work life balance have forced organizations to look beyond the run mere human resources interventions. Unfortunately, the growing gap between work and social life is intensifying. The problem of this current working I situation are diverse and reaching from clinically time pressure to decrease of birth rates and working mothers. Despite the populating of work life balance conflict as a topic of academic and practitioner debate, and the mounting prevalence of work life balance practices (aka family-supportive or family friendly policies) in organization around the world(Kersley Atal, 2005,) research on the organizational effects of such practices is not well integrated. Today work life balances have become the subject o wide disciplines ranging from psychology, from management, of human’s resources to organizational behaviour.
The reason or such interest is due to the fact that almost everyone has a problem of work-life balance competing multi-faced demands between work and home responsibilities have assume increase relevance or employees in recent years, due to large part of demographic and work place changes, such as, a quarter numbers of women in the work force (dual career couples), transformation in family structures (a rise in the number of single parents) a growing reluctance to accept the longer hours culture and technological advancements in respect to this changes and conflict the generate among the multiple roles that individuals occupy, organization are increasingly pressured to designs various kinds of practices intended to facilitate employees effort to fulfill both their employments relate and personal commitments. The way of how work life balance can be achieved and enhanced is an important issue in the filled o human resource.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
There is a growing concern that the quality of homes and workers life is declining and thereby, causing poor workers contribution and performances at workplaces. Studies have shown that when there are happy homes, workplaces automatically become a conflict free and enjoyable place to be. This has made most management of business organizations to look beyond the mere attracting and maintaining activities of the human resources management to embrace the concept of work lie balance of their workers. This no doubt is deliberately designed to improve employee job performances in terms of increase organizational commitment, job satisfaction, reduction in the rate of employee turnover, etc. it is also believed that organizations introduces these programs to enhance applicability of work life balance that will in turn assist employee in achieving a conducive working condition which includes flexible working hours, employee assistance programs and leave programs
However, inspire of all of these, most executives of business organizations have not yet found the need to embrace the concept of work life balance. Some of them sees it to be vigorous and adversely to effective attainment of organizational efficiency and objectives.
It is against this background that this study is designed to evaluate the impact of work life balance an employee productivity and how Nigerian workers cope with adverse working conditions in their various domain. Management and has received significances attention from employers, workers, government, academics researchers and the popular media.
Therefore, the importance of this topic shall be discussed based on the hospitality industries, the overall purpose of this study shall be the finding of suitable opportunities and instruments for the implementation of work-life balance for the banking sector.
1.3 Purpose/Objective of the Study
The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between work-life balance and its effect in productivity other specific objective of the study include.
i. To examine the relationship time management and employee productivity.
ii. To examine the relationship between work flexibility and employee productivity.
iii. To examine the relationship between leave plan and employee productivity.
iv. To examine the influence of culture on the relationship between work life balance and employee productivity.
1.4 Research Questions
In order to achieved the objectives of this study the following research questions are employed to guide the researcher.
i. To what extent does not work life balance influence employee productivity?
ii. To what extent does time management influence employee productivity?
iii. To what extent does work flexibility affect employee productivity?
iv. To what extent does leave plan affect employee productivity?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following null hypothesis adopted to guide the process of the research findings:
HO1: There is no significant relationship between time management and employee productivity.
HO2: There is no significant relationship between work flexibility and employee productivity.
HO3: There is no significant relationship between leave plan and employee productivity.
HO4: There is no significant relationship between work life balance and employee productivity.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The research or findings of this study is designed to benefit the society and the respective corporate organizations, particularly the commercial banks within port-Harcourt.
The studies cover the mean commercial banks in port-Harcourt and Nigerian at large. At the end of the study, the research will open up the elements that makeup work life balance and employees productivity.
Hence if the recommendation made after the research will benefit the following if taken seriously Corporate bodies, employees, managers the society at large.
1.7 Scope/Delimitation of the Study
The content scope of the study work life balance and employee productivity have the following dimensions time management, work flexibility and leave plan, measured by effectiveness and efficiency. The geographical of limited selected commercial banks in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The units of analysis are employees of the selected commercial baks at the time of the study.
1.8 Definition of Terms
The following terminologies are operationally defined below;
BALANCE: Something of equal weight used to provide equilibrium.
ORGANIZATION: A group of people or other legal entities with an explicit purpose and written rules.
PRODUCTIVITY: The state of being fertile or efficient.
WORK LIFE: This is the relationship between you and the commitment in the rest of your life and how they impact one another.
WORK: This is a placed where one is employed.