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ABSTRACT
This project work titled Traffic Control Intensity using queuing system is aimed at studying the nature of a deadlock situation around a particular junction. The researcher tends to employ queuing techniques and management in solution to the existing problem. Designing techniques as also been observed while analyzing the existing problem in the purpose of producing in lasting digital solution to the problem. Finally, a hypothetical data was acquired and used in testing and implementing a purpose system.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENT vi
CHAPTER ONE – 1 –
1.0 INTRODUCTION – 1 –
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM – 3 –
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY – 4 –
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY – 4 –
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS – 4 –
CHAPTER TWO – 7 –
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW – 7 –
2.1 APTTICA SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE – 9 –
2.2 THE APTTIC ALGORITHM (USING REAL TIME QUEUE LENGTH ESTIMATION ALGORITHM) – 11 –
2.2.1 ADAPTIVE QUEUE LENGTH ESTIMATION ALGORITHM – 12 –
2.2.2 PREDICTIVE LOGIC – 14 –
2.2.3 USE OF STATISTICAL DATA – 16 –
2.3 HARDWARE FOR REAL TIME QUEUE LENGTH ESTIMATION – 16 –
2.3.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF THE SENSORS – 17 –
2.3.2 SENSOR NETWORK TOPOLOGY – 19 –
2.4 THE QUEUE MODEL – 20 –
2.4.1 SERVICE TIME – 20 –
2.5 TRAFFIC QUEUE DETECTION ALGORITHM – 25 –
CHAPTER THREE – 27 –
3.0 ALGORITHM AND FLOWCHART – 27 –
4.3 HOW TO RUN THE PROGRAM – 33 –
4.3 HOW TO RUN THE PROGRAM – 34 –
4.4 LANGUAGE USED FOR THE PROJECT PROGRAM – 35 –
4.5 REASONS WHY I USE QBASIC – 35 –
4.6 LIMITATIONS – 36 –
CHAPTER FIVE – 37 –
SUMMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION – 37 –
5.1 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION – 37 –
5.2 RECOMMENDATION – 39 –
REFERENCES – 41 –
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
A common function of a traffic control system is to minimize the delays, accidents, experienced by vehicles traveling through a road intersection by manipulating the signal plans. The primary categories of a traffic control system are pre-tuned and adaptive systems. Under pre-tuned system, the master traffic signal controller set the signal parameters based on pre-determined rules. These values are determined from historical data collected by observing the traffic flow. Common practice for developing pre-tuned signal plans utilize offline tools such as TRNSYT, which are based on traffic flows and queues observed from field data (Mcshane 1992). Pre-tuned control, it frequently results in the inefficient usage of intersection capacity i.e. (less usage and low or no rate of queued vehicle) because of the inability to adjust to variation in traffic flow and actual traffic demands this inefficiency is pronounced when flow are substantially below capacity. While an adaptive operation controller overcomes the problem of a pre-tuned controller by operating signals based on traffic demands. The green time for each approach can be varied between a minimum and maximum depending on flows. The main feature of an adaptive controller is its ability to adjust the signal phase length in response to traffic flow.
This paper or project introduces an adaptive signal control system that performs real time queue length extraction and employs an efficient signal co-ordination algorithm. The signal co-ordination algorithm proposed or brings about the plans to optimize traffic at run time without being configured to a cyclic time interval. The real time queue time estimation is done by an array of simple through-bean photoelectric sensors place in an efficient topology. Here the signal plan changes during each cycle based on inputs from the time delay estimation algorithm. Though no new mechanism for detecting pedestrians has been proposed or put in use, but the signal co-ordination algorithm takes care of pedestrians crossing as well. The timer values for pedestrians are based on historical data. The next section gives a detailed description of the proposal system architecture.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The intensity of traffic situation in Port Harcourt metropolis is becoming very embarrassing; in fact the situation is chaotic. If this project is well implemented, it will go a long way to solving the problem.
Port Harcourt roads have been observed as one among the worst transportation roads ever existed in this country.
Customers cars parked along roads have narrowed the available lanes into deadlock situation especially at junction with traffic Ireland.
This problem has caused the resultant of the above at Port Harcourt roads to known go-area, especially rush hours i.e. Early Morning and evening, if the problem persists, the state would lose free flow of movement and this will lead to Go-slow.
This research tends to proffer lasting problems using techniques.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of this study are:
1) To co-ordinate traffic system.
2) To prevent and reduce the rate of accidents on our roads either by vehicle or pedestrians.
3) To prevent mismanagement of traffic system.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Due to time constraint other factors not mentioned, this research work is restricted to Port Harcourt metropolis only, areas such as Artillery junction, Rumokoro, Rumoudara, Waterlines, Air force, Bori camp, Market junction, Slaughter, G.R.A junction, Lagos bus stop e.t.c.
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS
SERVICE TIME: This refers to the period between times of service commencement to completion.
TRAFFIC: This refers to the vehicles that are on the road at a particular time.
TRAFFIC LIGHT: An automatic signal that controls road traffic, especially where roads meet or cross, by means of red, amber and green lights.
QUEUE: A linear list where insertions are made at one of the lists and all deletion are accessed at the other end of the list.
SCHEDULE: Different light which are used to schedule movement of vehicles based on the time they arrived and the colour of lights.
PROPOSED: A suggested plan or idea, also to intend to do something.
INTERSECTION: A place where two or more roads meet or cross each other.
PRE-TUNED: To set or adjust the controls before a particular time so that it could be suitable for a particular situation.
VARIATIONS: Changes made, especially by the rate of or level of the movement of cars, pedestrians e.t.c.
Control: Means the power to direct, influence, or limit something.
Intensity: Means thorough or concentrated.
Queuing: Means a line of vehicles waiting their turn for something.
System: Means a set of things working together as a mechanism or network.
Metropolis: Means the main city of a country.
Route: Means a way taken in getting from a starting point to a destination.
Signal: A device that indicates whether a road is clear.
Lanes: A division of roads for a signal line of traffic.
Complete Material Cost #3,000