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ABSTRACT
This research project is aimed to determine the level of unemployment in Ukwa East Area of Abia State; using the headquarters (Akwete) as the case study. The research work reviewed the problems, consequences, effects, causes and types of unemployment that exists in Ukwa East Local Government Area of Abia State, and also went further to find the best method of analyzing the data collected through the method of administering questionnaires (primary method of data collection). From the analysis, a conclusion was drawn and also made suggestion, recommendation and gave solutions to the basic problems of unemployment in Ukwa East Local Government Area Abia State.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLES PAGE – – – – – – – – – i
DECLARATION – – – – – – – – – ii
CERTIFICATION – – – – – – – – iii
DEDICATION – – – – – – – – – iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT – – – – – – – v
ABSTRACT – – – – – – – – – vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS – – – – – – – vii
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION – – – – – – – 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM – – – 1
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY – – – – – 2
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY – – – – 2
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY – – – – – 3
1.6 RESEARCH JUSTIFICATION – – – – – 4
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY – – – – – – 5
1.8 DEFINITION OF SPECIFIC TERMS – – – – 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW – – – – – – 7
2.1 CONCEPT OF UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – 8
2.2 TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – – 10
2.2.1STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – 10
2.2.2CLASSICAL OR REAL WAGE UNEMPLOYMENT – – 11
2.2.3CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – – 11
2.2.4SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – – 11
2.2.5FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – – 12
2.3 CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – – 12
2.4 PROBLEMS CAUSED BY UNEMPLOYMENT – – 13
2.5 EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – 14
2.5.1EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT ON INDIVIDUAL
SOCIETY AND ECONOMY – – – – – – 14
2.6 SOURCES OF UNEMPLOYMENT – – – – 16
2.7 DETERMINATES OF UNEMPLOYMENT – – – 16
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – – – – – 18
3.1 TYPES OF DATA – – – – – – – 18
3.2.0 PRIMARY DATA – – – – – – – 18
3.2.1SOME METHODS USED FOR COLLECTING
PRIMARY DATA ARE – – – – – – 19
3.2.2DIRECT OBSERVATION METHOD – – – – 19
3.2.3INTERVIEW METHOD – – – – – – 20
3.2.4QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD – – – – – 20
3.3 SECONDARY DATA – – – – – – – 21
3.4 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION – – – – 22
3.5 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS – – – – – 22
3.5.1RELATIVE FREQUENCY TABLE – – – – 23
3.5.2CUMULATIVE RELATIVE FREQUENCY – – – 23
3.5.3PILOT SURVEY – – – – – – – – 24
3.6 CALCULATIONS IN RELATIVE FREQUENCY
AND CUMULATIVE RELATIVE FREQUENCY – – 24
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION – – – – – – – 26
4.1 INTRODUCTION – – – – – – – 26
4.2 DATA PRESENTATION – – – – – – 26
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION
AND CONCLUSION – – – – – – – 31
5.1 FINDINGS – – – – – – – – – 31
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS – – – – – – 34
5.3 CONCLUSION – – – – – – – – 35
REFERENCES – – – – – – – – 37
QUESTIONNAIRE – – – – – – – 38
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Unemployment is widely regarded as a major social and economical global problem. It is a phenomenon that occurs when a person who is of the labour age is actively searching for employment but is unable to find work.
It is the duty of government agencies like the Bureau of Labour Statistics in Nigeria to publish unemployment statistics by carrying out an investigation about the unemployment level in the country. This statistics are used in verifying of situations but mostly as an indication of the under utilization of human resources and to inform on the economic and social hardship associated with unemployment.
Unemployment has been connected in some way to higher crime rates especially the youths in Ukwa East Local Government. It has also led to suicide and homicide.
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
These are the research questions.
What are the major causes of unemployment in the area?
What are the major sources of unemployment in the area?
What are the various types of unemployment in the area?
What are the problems of unemployment in the area?
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
Unemployment is one of the basic problems facing Abia State particularly in Ukwa East Local Government Area.
The main purpose of this study is to examine the rate of unemployment in Abia State particularly in Ukwa east Local Government Area and how to profer solution to the problem.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will reveal the determination of unemployment rate in Ukwa East Local Government Area. This study will reveal the level of recognition according to the rate of unemployment in the overall cooperate growth. Finally, a study of this nature will show the various approaches which determine the rate of unemployment in the area. The result and action that will emerge will enable curriculum planners and educators to update the literatures of unemployment level. Besides, corporate policy makers will now be aimed to provide an effective direction of unemployment level and direct approaches to the administration of determination unemployment rate in Ukwa East Local Government Area.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
A number of factors that combined to limit the scope of this study. These include:
a. Poor financial standing of the researcher.
b. The study is constrained by the uncompromising attitude of Ukwa East Local Government Area executives.
c. Short direction within the study is expected to be completed.
d. Long distance between the researcher and firm among others.
e. Lack of sufficient data particularly on unemployment which greatly affected the study.
1.6 RESEARCH JUSTIFICATION
In Nigeria particularly in Abia State, unemployment has almost assumed a crisis level. Therefore the study will be relevant in that:
i. It will provide an insight into the relevant literature.
ii. It will help to lay bare the cause and effects of unemployment in Abia State, Nigeria.
iii. It will help the general populace to appreciate the fact that unemployment and poverty is twin scourge that needs to be faced in order to achieve economic growth and development.
iv. It is expected that through the findings and subsequent recommendations of this study, unemployment will be reduced or eradicated.
v. Finally it is the opinion of the researcher because it will serve as a spring board for further research.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The researcher work focuses on the causes and effects of unemployment and also how poverty and unemployment has an impact on economic growth and development. The period of this study for the time series analysis 1995-2015
1.8 DEFINITION O F SPECIFIC TERMS
This research has deemed it relevant and necessary to give precise definition of these specific terms.
UNEMPLOYMENT: Unemployment is defined as a situation where someone of working age is not able to get a job but would like to be in full time employment. Unemployment also refers to a situation whereby people who have met the labor force requirement and are willing to work not able to find or secure any job.
UNEMPLOYED: This simply means not employed, without a job or out of work.
A person is said to be unemployed of he/she is looking for work, willing to work at the prevailing wage but is unable to find a job.
RATE: Rate is the percentage of the observed value to the expected value at the same particular period of time. It is also the measurement of the number of times something hyphens or exists during a particular period.
EMPLOYMENT: This is a relationship between two parties usually based on contract where work is paid for, where one party which may be a corporation for profit or not-profit organization, corporative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee.
EMPLOYER: An employer is a person, organization or institution that hires employees or workers. Employers offer wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for their work or labour.
EMPLOY: To hire or engage the service of a person or persons provide employment for or keep in one’s service.
Employee: An employee is an individual who works part-time or full time under the contract of employment whether oral or written, express or implied and has recognized rights and duties.
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