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ABSTRACT
Due to the increase awareness toward environmental degradation due to the production, use and environmental refrigeration and air conditioning system has become a subject of great concern and resulted in extensive research into development of novel refrigeration and space conditioning technologies. The design and fabrication of a thermoelectric refrigeration system was carried out to demonstrate an alternative method of refrigeration to the vapor compression system. thermoelectric refrigeration system is a form of cooling that work on the principles Peltier effect. This effect create a temperature difference by transferring heat between two electric junctions. When this current flows, heat is remove at one end or junction and cooling occurs at the other end. The performance of the thermoelectric refrigeration system is four times lower than the vapor compression system and as such takes longer time to achieve cooling. In conclusion since the thermoelectric refrigeration system has a very low performance coefficient in it used in smaller units to reduce the time taken to achieve cooling. In other to achieve faster cooling more thermocouple can be inserted into a unit as this will increase the amount of heat removed from the space.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CERTIFICATION………………………………………………………………………………i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
DEDICATION v
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENT vii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background Of The Study 1
Purpose Of The Study 3
Significance Of The Study 3
Scope 4
Limitation 4
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theory of refrigeration 7
Principle and Theory of Thermoelectric coolers 8
Utilization of Thermoelectric Coolers 9
Overview of Thermoelectric Coolers 9
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN CONSIDERATION AND DESIGN ANALYSIS
Design Consideration 14
Heat Transferred by the Modules 14
Volume of the Refrigerator 15
Cooling Capacity 16
Coefficient of Performance of the Refrigerator 16
Material Selection 17
Fabrication techniques 19
CHAPTER FOUR
TESTING/RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Principle Of Operation/ Testing 21
Discussion 22
Maintenance 22
Safety 22
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMEDATION
Conclusion 24
Recommendations 25
REFERENCES 26
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background Of The Study
There has been on immense endeavor to mitigate global worming in spite of which it has only been worse. These projects present the design and implementation of a low power and eco-friendly refrigeration system using the thermometric effect. The conventional refrigeration make use of complex mechanism which involve synchronous operation of various units, namely to compressor, condensers, expression, values, evaporate, refrigerant and so on. But a thermoelectric refrigerator exploits the principle of the pettier effect, thus avoiding the utilization of these complex components. This even helps curb that of harmful chlorofluro carbon (CFCS) in the atmosphere which contributes to the increase in global temperature. M.k. Rawat (2013)
This unit can be used both for demotion and commercial purpose. The unit does not eject any harmful gases. Therefore, the heart expelled from the unit can be tapped for heaing utilities, making the use of the device versatile in its application.
Thermoelectric refrigerator is designed to have a rectangular walled cabin made of mild steel sheet of 1mm thickeners. The designed external dimension (30x30x38cm) internal dimension (18x18x24cm) wall thickness 7cm. this is obtained by performing a suitable bending operation of the mild steel sheet. The choice of materials is based on their physical properly, availability and ductility of the materials, as aluminum is a very good conductor of heat and can early conduct the cooling effect around the refrigerator.
Fabrication process will include varies processes such as brazing, bending and drilling to give a better surface finish. Rubber beading will be attached to the door to prevent lust leakage, from the sides of the top panel. To prevent radiation and get a better surface finish, the body will be cooled with white paint.
Statement of the problem.
Refrigeration system plays a vital role in our day to day living, as they precede cooling for industrial and domestic purpose. But the refrigeration used in the refrigerate process are harmful to the environment as this cause global warming and ozone depletion.
Hence this research is targeted towards elimination of the dangerous gas in the operation of refrigerator by incorporation of thermoelectric refrigeration that uses thermoelectric refrigerator effect as a means of cooling, those improve will be innovation for safe refrigeration system
Purpose Of The Study
The main purpose of the study is to design and fabricate thermometric refrigerator. Specifically, the study will carry out researches to indentify methods and materials to
(1) Design a thermoelectric refrigerator.
(2) Select suitable materials for the fabrication of a thermoelectric refrigerator
(3) Fabricate a thermoelectric refrigerator
(4) Test the fabricated equipment
Significance Of The Study
(1) The design and fabrication of thermoelectric refrigerator will be a beneficial to student, lecturer, health centers and the public.
(2) Hence they technician through repairs will contribute to environmental protectors.
(3) Health centers will benefit if the project is further developed, it will be utilize for preservation of mobile drugs.
Entre society will benefit, if the locally produced thermoelectric is mass produced for commercialization; it will be required for food and beverages preservation.
Scope
This research work focuses on the design and fabrication of portable thermoelectric refrigeration set that uses a thermocouple and operate by the pettier effect product out of local materials.
Limitation
During the course of the project the following limitation love encountered.
(1) Material sourcing: it was difficult to get some of the materials needed for the project work as a result most of the materials there brought online.
(2) Fabrication: the material used for the fabrication was not readily avoidably in the school workshop, such as drilly machine, drilling buts, filing machine etc, there machine was been hired and some borrowed from other source.
(3) Time: Because of the unavailability of some parts needed for the project the time allocated use a problem.
(4) Information: since it was the first of its type in the school was vital information has not gotten on time. And they also affect the time allocate to the project.
(5) Funds: the money needed to buy some of the materials was not readily available as of when needed, because some student or persons which was support to paid money for the project did not paid on time.