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ABSTRACT
This study examines the impact of Digital Broadcasting on Electronic Media. The objectives of the study are to appraise the nature of digital broadcasting in electronic media, to determine the impact of digital broadcasting in electronic media, to evaluate the challenges in digital broadcasting in electronic media, to determine the impact of digital broadcasting in AIT Port Harcourt. The research design used descriptive and survey method of data collection in an attempt to empirically examine the impact of digital broadcasting on electronic media. The population of the study was made of the entire staffs of Africa Independent Television (AIT) Port Harcourt, Rivers State which was 120. The sample size for this study is 80.The study revealed that there is impact of digital broadcasting in AIT Port Harcourt.Based on the findings of the study, summary, conclusion and recommendations were made that Government should find a lasting solution to the power problem. Digitization and power outage are not compatible, Nigeria as the giant of Africa should emulate the policy implementation approaches of other “dwarfs” of Africa like Ghana, there is a need to move forward, especially digitally, Government must provide policy direction and possibly put in place a subsidy that will enable lower market segments to acquire the digital receivers that will enable them to acquire digital television.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE i
COVER PAGE ii
CERTIFICATION iii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENT vii
CHAPTER ONE 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 4
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION 4
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 5
1.6SCOPE/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY 5
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 5
CHAPTER TWO 8
LITERATURE REVIEW 8
2.0 INTRODUCTION 8
2.1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF BROADCASTING IN NIGERIA 9
2.2 THE ADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL BROADCASTING 12
2.3 THE CHALLENGES OF DIGITIZATION IN NIGERIA 22
2.4 SOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES OF DIGITAL BROADCASTING ON ELECTRONIC MEDIA 26
2.5 IMPACTS OF DIGITAL BROADCASTING ON ELECTRONIC MEDIA 27
2.6 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 31
CHAPTER THREE 34
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 34
3.0 INTRODUCTION 34
3.2 POPULATION OF THE STUDY 35
3.3 SAMPLE SIZE 35
3.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES 35
3.5 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION 36
3.6 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT 36
3.7 METHOD OF DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 37
CHAPTER FOUR 38
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 39
4.0 INTRODUCTION 39
4.1 PRESENTATION OF RESPONDENTS BIO-DATA 39
4.2 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 42
4.3 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS 45
CHAPTER FIVE 49
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 49
5.0 INTRODUCTION 49
5.1 SUMMARY 49
5.2 CONCLUSION 50
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 50
APPENDIX I 52
APPENDIX II 53
REFERENCES 55
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
On June 16, 2006, a resolution on digitalization for broadcasters in Europe, Africa and Middle East as well as the Islamic Republic of Iran was reached in Geneva, Switzerland at an international conference organized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). A deadline of 17th June,2015 was agreed upon for the effective take off of digitalization of the broadcast media.
As part of the resolution, the ITU deadline refers to the digitalization of TV Broadcasting only, while that of Radio was not determined yet. Furthermore, the ITU agreement allows for an additional five years to 2020 for many African countries including Nigeria. Accordingly, representatives of 120 countries including Nigeria adopted and signed the digitalization treaty.
The document states, in part: “Digitalization of broadcasting by 2015represents a major landmark towards establishing a more equitable, just and people-centered information society.
The digital switchovers will leap-frog existing technologies to connect the unconnected in underserved and remote communities and close the digital divide.”(Akin Akingbuluet al 2010&KabirGarba 2012) The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) ,agreement further stated the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting is based on the following premise ,improving coverage of digital TV transmission, ensuring that bandwidth are available for wireless broadband services, enhancing sound and picture quality, in particular HDTV, enabling more channels (additional content) and giving unfettered access to digital radio transmission.
Global Update In full demonstration of the ITU mandate, the global report of the implementation drive is quite encouraging, as stated in the just concluded Digital Dialogue Dubai Conference, 2013. The United Kingdom broadcast media has accomplished its switch over from analogue to digital between 2005 and 2012. Mike Hughes Broadcast Director, Digital UK said the implementation team comprised of BBC, ITV4,5,SA/C. Teletext, SDNARQIVA, and two representatives of manufacturers and retailers. The project cost about $700 million.
In Africa, Kenya has raised the bar for others. Daniel Obam, National Communications Secretariat report; “Kenya had adopted a phased migration, which would see 10 cities switching over between January this year and June 2014. As part of the plan, Nairobi and its environs would migrate on December 13, 2013”.the best thing to happen in the broadcast media market, since the Nigerian consumer has been taken for a ride for too long.
“We had been subjected to poor quality services by operators. But this development wouldenable us move ahead at a speed the world is moving in broadcasting
The research therefore intends to provide a critical evaluation of impact of digital broadcasting on electronic media with a case study of AIT Port Harcourt.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The challenge confronted with the analogue transmission of broadcast media in terms of limitation of area coverage, poor quality images and sound among others led to the resolution to the transmission from analogue to digital transmission. However, the attainment of this objective is yet to be determined in Nigeria. This therefore constitute the problem confronting this research, to critically evaluate the impact of digital broadcasting on electronic media, with a case study of AIT.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
- To appraise the nature of digital broadcasting in electronic media.
- To determine the impact of digital broadcasting in electronic media.
iii. To evaluate the challenges in digital broadcasting in electronic media.
- To determine the impact of digital broadcasting in AIT Port Harcourt.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
- What is the nature of digital broadcasting on electronic media?
- What is the impact of digital broadcasting on electronic media?
iii. What are the challenges of digital broadcasting?
- What is the impact of digital broadcasting in AIT Port Harcourt?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study shall provide a conceptual and theoretical framework of the nature of digital broadcasting in electronic media.
The study shall be of immense value to professionals in the broadcast media.
The study shall serve as a reference point of information on digital broadcasting.
1.6SCOPE/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study centers on the critical evaluation of the impact of digital broadcasting on electronic media. It evaluates the nature, challenges and the impact of digital broadcasting, with a case analysis of digital broadcasting in Africa Independent Television (AIT) Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In carrying out an investigation of this native the researcher must of necessity be faced the following constraint.
Firstly, the time constraint’s the time frame provision for this study was short.
Secondly, financial constraints. Usually, a study of this nature involved some level of expenditure therefore, finance was also a limiting factor.
Thirdly, poor response from the respondent and inability to access the entire population of the study. In the next segment significance of the study will be discussed. Lastly, poor measurement instrument.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
EVALUATION: The making of a judgement about the amount, number, or value of something; assessment.
DIGITAL: Expressed as series of the digits 0 and 1, typically represented by values of a physical quantity such as voltage or magnetic polarization.
BROADCASTING: Transmit (a programme or some information) by radio or television.
ELECTRONIC MEDIA: Broadcast or storage media that take advantage of electronic technology. They may include television, radio, Internet, fax, CD-ROMs, DVD, and any other medium that requires electricity or digital encoding of information. The term ‘electronic media’ is often used in contrast with print media.
MEDIA: The main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet) regarded collectively.
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