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ABSTRACT
This study Examined Television Programmes, its attitudinal effects on children. The research have revived the relevant and formulated research questions to guide the study. Survey research method was used to generated data for the study. And sample 150 respondents constitute the research samples. Data collected were analysed with simple percentage and frequency distribution tables. All the research questions show that television contributes to the change in children either positively or negatively. Finally, the research made some useful recommendation for future use.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Television has become a significant social phenomenon in Nigeria today Africa and all over the world. Television itself is believed to generated social forces of undeniable influenced effects and changes in our modern time today. It has also known and seen as the most entertaining mass medium for mankind including the little ones, television programmes which are been aired daily and also viewed daily by thousand of person’s has been known to gain the attention of both the young and the old in the country following its adverse effects.
The question may arise this way, what impact does television have on our young and growing children, youth’s and the society? (Zubari, 1992) however, the most important agent of socialization for the development of the year is the mass media. The mass media are the different process that facilitate communication between the sender and receiver of that message. It plays an important role in the socialization of the children.
In addition there are many type of media, these include the:
- a) Newspapers
- b) Magazines
- c) Radios
- d) Films
- e) C,D’s and television media
- f) Internet and television media
“Television especially affects children and adults behaviour or change in attitude on different ways” (Adenwums 1998).
Similarly, television as a major agent of socialization has a great and tremendous effect and influence on our society today. When watching different television programmes/ shows all the actors and actresses with these great figures hurt many people in the society today. In other words, watching television could be a bring many good things like being a role model for an adolescent teenager who want’s someone he/she can actually look up to, having these agents is a great guideline for people who want to start with a great stand with their children or wants to be good communicator. The average family in our present country today (Nigeria) has a least one television station turned in for a least seven hours per-day.
Television is the biggest mass media in a country and its has it’s positive and negative aspects. There are some programmes which are very helpful with lots of information for the children for instance take those station listed below.
1) AIT
2) Silver Bird
3) Cool Waazobia Inf. To
4) RSTV
They have some good programmes and to speak of some of these educative programmes and also do thing, such as singing standing up pronouncing words in English Language, spellings, good grammar breeding.
And examples of these or such programmes are listed below
1) Dora the explore
2) Blue’s clues
3) Youth in the kitchen
4) Tales by moonlit
5) Schools debate.
There are also programmes which has little or nothing to offer into the children’s life other than negativity such programs have example such as W.W.E
Which known as “Worldwide entertainment” meant for wresting. This kind of television programmes child mental and physical behaviour of the children aiding to think, see and act in a fearful manner.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
The positive and negative effects of television programmes on the behaviors/attitude of these children, it has attracted the attention of many intelligent and concerned people in the state and country today and others in the educational sector see this problem to which the research address itself are many.
In this case, the problem of the research in this programme is how children can be affected in a positive away. Generally has this work examines the attitudinal changes found in these of children especially children within the younger brackets.
Furthermore, Justice U.I. Abdullah’s in his article titled “Television, Moral training on crime booster” he said that what children viewed every time were dances kissing, dating, violence and horrible scene of night clubs which are all foreign and harmful to our own culture.
It has been estimated that well over 80% of the films which are been shown one the Nigeria television screen are mainly from Britain and America on the surface nothing seems wrong but when observe that the content of most of these films have nothing to offer to our children.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
- The purpose of this study/research is in bid to awaken the Nigerian mass media houses, parents, teachers, and ever ready concerned citizens of this patristic country on how the television media has gone end its way in affecting children’s lifestyle thereby including negative behaviours in our children.
- Furthermore, this study will help to reveal the various means which the television affects either positively or negatively so as to make the media house correct whatever it is that they are missing out, because the television world is design to inform, educate and not to impact wrong doing into the life of the children.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study/research is to ascertain the influence of television programmes on children and how television, watching can affect and change the attitudes of these young negative children. This is because the negative behaviours is caused by so many factors which have been seen as family schools, peers, environments, and most influence is the television all of this factors work together at the same time to build the attitude of a child.
Therefore, this study will show parents how to be responsible for the upbringing and training of their children instead of living such training to peers, television, teachers and determine watching hours and programmes exposure of their children.
In addition the findings of this research will serve as a good integrative for both scholars and students of mass communication who might want to carry out similar or related research in future. Media houses will also learn how to schedule their programmes and known the nature of the programme which is to be televised for the children’s viewing.
1.5 RESEARCHER QUESTIONS
1) Do children have access to television
2) What kind of television programmes is mostly watched by these kids?
3) Do children imitate what they see on television screen
4) Did children exposure to television violence induce negative attitude.
5) To what extent do television programme influence the mode of dressing, public speaking for these children.
6) Does the entertainment programmes on television influence the choice of peer group of children?
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study has been limited to those children under the ages 8 -13, upward this age bracket is selected for this for this research because it has been studied are coincide that it is at this early and crucial stage of a child’s life that he/she learns their first words acts steps so this study is to help nurture children towards the right path.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study which is an assessment on how television affect the behaviour of children this study is limited to children between the ages of 8 – 13 this wide research cannot be carried out without some constrains, the constrains pose a lot of limitation to this work which are;
Time: Duration for the research work is relatively short while work stress emanated from other academic activities is also another constrains.
Materials: Little materials are also available because the work is relatively new.
Financial: Financial constrains is another challenge as most of the information are gathered from newspaper, and other related work.
Operational Definition of Terms
1) Attitude: According to this research/study attitude will be seen as the state of mind or a feeling, disposition, it could also be an arrangement or hostile state of mind or disposition.
2) Children: These are children who between the age of 8 -13 and who can group the study is all about.
3) Violence: For the purpose of this study violence shall be seen as such physical or psychological injury hurt or death addressed to living things it concludes both act and threat of violence.
4) Television: This is an electronic device used to receive sounds and image which create television programs that people can watch/view.
5) Programme: In accordance with this study/research programme will be seen as a written or printed list of the events performances, it can also be seen as a set of structured activities.
A leaflet listing information about an event.
6) Viewing: According to this study viewing shall be seen is an act or an instance of watching a movies, play, and television.