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ABSTRACT
The main objective of the study is focused on entrepreneurship development in Nigeria; problem and prospect in carrying out this work, the field data mentioned was adopted. The instrument used for data collection in the course of this study was personal interview followed by questionnaires method convenient sampling method was used in analyzing the data collected from the respondents’ base on the data collection study revealed that when the rate of replacement ID high in entrepreneurial, firm, it will have a negative impact. The study therefore recommends amongst other that implementation of retention strategies of managing entrepreneurship should be provided, improve job designs and offer benefits. Which will likely have a positive effect on staff development.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The entrepreneurship plays a vital role in the process of economic growth and development entrepreneurship is the entire process undertaking by an entrepreneur in turning around to achieve targeted goals.
Iwu Eze A (2006) in a paper presented on entrepreneurship development in Nigeria said that an entrepreneur is a contractor, an organizer of an enterprise for the public, a resourceful person with a dream entrepreneurs are bold men and women who have initiative and the ability to lead, manage and take the consequences they are men of action, risk takers, missioners creative and highly respected of their ability to effectively and efficiently concubine the function of management to achieve the goals.
He also noted that during the colonial period only few of Nigerians could boast of personal or family capital to start of any meaningful business and hence the next place of call for business and financial was bank. It is well known that banking operations during the colonial era were highly and sparsely limited urban centers. The bank at that time existed to serve the internet’s of the colonial civil servants who had appreciated in come to warrant banking transaction. Nigeria who had no collaterals or big financials to guarantee their loans could not hope on banks to start off any business.
During the colonial era, the Nigeria businesses scene was dominated even at the grassroots leaves by inclines, Greeks, Ghanaians Sierra Ionians and others. These foreign nationals had a better exposition from the Nigerians and with this advantages, it was easy to dislodge them the colonies left the scene in 1960. Then, in other to give Nigeria an opportunity in participating and shaping their country economic future, the federal government introduces indigenization and enterprise promotion chance of 1972 and its revision in 1977. The objective was to foster economic self reliance and maximize external intervention in publics.
Entrepreneurship constitutes a vital engine in the economic growth and development of national including Nigeria because it help in the stimulation of indigenous entrepreneurship lead to the transformation of traditional industry; creates employment opportunities, generates incomes (locally and external) contributes to regional activity and co-operation etc.
Modern entrepreneurship in Nigeria started with coring of colonial masters and during the era, Nigeria was not their own master an entrepreneur often needs starting capital, which is normally small and derived from personal savings or from family sources.
Concrete attempts at encouraging the growth and development of entrepreneurship have led to the establishment of some government a genesis as industrial development (1.0), small scale industry corporation (SSLC), Nigeria Bank for commerce and industry (NBC), National Economic Reconstruction Fund (NERFUND), Directorate of Foods, Roads and Vital Development (DFRR). Etc.
All these have been made to ensure the sustenance and growth of small and medium scale enterprises in the country.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Entrepreneurship development which forms the bedrock of all business evolutions and economic miracles of the nation has its peculiars problems, which go a long way in satisfying its growth and development among which are:
- The most problems of entrepreneurship development lack of fund and difficulty in securing loans from banks. Financial limitation constitute a serious setback to the entrepreneurship, the complain that bank are reluctant to grant them credit and even alleged that they often have to offer loans, this inability of an entrepreneur to provide tangible collateral, securities struggle for limited funds in our snappy economy. Conouha B.C 1994 – 184).
- The desire for quick returns in business and application of fraudulent practices are inimical to sustain entrepreneurship growth.
- Lack of adequate planning, may enterprises do not hire trained and qualified manager to run their business for them.
- The absence of infrastructure facilities for smooth running’s of the business example, regular electricity supply, a functioning telephone system which could reduce the number of times the entrepreneur is on the road, good roads etc.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are to find out the following:
- To determine the various enterprise and their activities in the area of study.
- To examine the nature of the management practices their sources off fund.
- To determine area of government assistances and to pin point area where assistance is lacking
- To determine major problems on countered by these entrepreneurs.
- To make recommendation based on the finding, which will be great and help other entrepreneurs and new aspirants into the business.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Irrespective of the role of entrepreneurs in economic development of Nigeria, enough has been done in terms of education, awareness and finance assistance.
The study is of great importance to entrepreneurs as a guide in business in addition the study will as well serve as literature for further studies and will serve as useful guide in entrepreneurship, the policy maker in business organization will find it useful also in making decision.
In addition, it is expected that the findings will help to bridge the gap that may exist or may have existed and to make entrepreneurship business more effective and efficient in the cause of carrying out the business.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION
In order to solve the research problems the following research question will be asked:
- What is the nature and extent of government control assistance over entrepreneurship business?
- What problem do entrepreneurship encounter in selecting up their business?
- What are the various types and activities of entrepreneurial business in Nigeria?
- What are the prospects of entrepreneurial business in Nigeria
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research intends to consider the problems and prospects of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. This study will guide a broader view of challenges and prospect of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria and to make recommendation of findings
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This research on the challenges and prospects of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria is not an exception to the usual constrains associated with research work. The constrain are:
- Time: Time has been a major constraint that has militated against the realization of the objective of the research, especially as the researcher had to carry it out in mid set of academic pressure.
- Finance: Finance being the life wire of any business and any research work has posed a major barrier that has immensely militated against the realization of research objectives. The researcher faced inadequate finance for the acquisition of the necessary stationeries for the work.
- Negative Attitude of some people Interviewed: Some of the people interviewed were not readily to give out the required information needed due to that fact, they think, the issue militated against the realization of researchers objectives.
1.8 DEFINITION OF RELATED TERM
For easy and concise understanding of this work, it is necessary that vital terms be defined.
- Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur means a person who starts, organize a commercial enterprise especially one having financial risk. Meredigh et al (1991) looks at an entrepreneur as an individual who has the ability to see and evaluate business opportunities gather the necessary resource to take advantages to them and imitate appropriate action to ensure success and he is a risk taker.
- Entrepreneurship Development: This is the coming into existence in society of the classes of individual, who are not limited to pace odds.
- Indigenization: Ejiofor (1989. 26) Indigenization is the mass transfer of ownership and control of economic organization from foreigners to national. It is a situation where a deliberate effort is made with a back up of government regulation to transfer preparatory interest of man.
- Management: According to Akapla (1990.3) Management is defined as a process of combining and utilizing of an organization inputs (Men, materials, machine and money) by proper planning organizing, directing and controlling for the purpose of providing outputs (goods and service) desire by customers set that the organization goals and objectives are accomplished.
- Planning: Planning can be defined as a process which managers visualized and determine in advance, the objective of an enterprise or organization and select future cause of action for their accomplishment.
- Small Scale Business: Ejiofor (1989.71) Defined Small Scale business as those enterprise that have relatively little capital investment, that produce in Small quantities and as a result control a small share of market that employ not more than fifty workers (50) and in which management marketing and entrepreneurship function are used in a proprietor.