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ABSTRACT
The study examines employee participation and organizational success. The descriptive research method was employed since the study was to ascertain employee participation and organizational success of oil and gas firms in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Based on this, the case study approach was adopted. The study was designed to focus ofoil and gas firms in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, where primary data, via questionnaire were collected. The population of this study is designed to constitute all management and junior staff of Hozar Marine Services Limited and Modant Marine Limited Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study was made to be one hundred (100). The Taro Yemen’s formula will be used to determine the sample size of 80. The Chi-Square statistical techniques was used to test the hypothesis. Findings reveal that there is a significant relationship between Employee Participation and organizational success in selected oil and gas firms in Port Harcourt Rivers State. Based on the findings of the study summary, conclusion and recommendations were made Since the organizational innovation level is low, firms should see to brainstorming new ways towards creating products in order to reduce cost, increase product quality and boost profit, Institutions should create a culture committee or fun-at-work squad to initiate some simple ideas that will build momentum in the workplace and that Future studies should endeavor to investigate related studies in other sectors.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Cover Page ii
Declaration iii
Certification iv
Dedication v
Acknowledgements vi
Abstract vii
Table of Contents viii
CHAPTER 1 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of Problems 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study 4
1.4 Research Questions 5
1.5 Research Hypothesis 5
1.6 Significance of the Study 6
1.7 Scope of the Study 6
Limitations of the Study 7
1.8 Definition of Terms 7
CHAPTER 2 9
LITERATURE REVIEW 9
2.1 Conceptual Framework 9
2.1.1 Concept of Employee Participation 9
2.1.2 Dimensions of Employee Participation 17
2.1.6 Concept of Organizational Success 20
2.1.4 Measures of Organizational Success 22
2.1.9 Employee Participation and Organizational Success 25
2.2 Theoretical Review of Study 28
2.3 Empirical Review of Study 29
CHAPTER 3 33
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 33
3.1 Research Design 33
3.2 Population 33
3.3 Questionnaire Design 34
3.4 Source and Method of Data Collection 34
3.5 Data Analytical Techniques 35
3.6 Reliability and Validity 36
CHAPTER 4 38
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 38
4.1 Questionnaire Administration and Retrieval 38
4.2 Data Analysis 39
4.3 Hypothesis Testing 45
4.4 Discussion of Finding 47
CHAPTER 5 51
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 51
5.1 Summary 51
5.2 Conclusion 51
5.3 Recommendations 52
Appendix I 55
Appendix II 56
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Organizational success is a measure by how well a company meets the individual objectives of its business plan. It lies in understanding how each element can support or retain the other, on how to balance the dynamics between the elements to determine the most constructive solutions in any situation. To be successful, an organization must have a statement, a philosophy, and a series of programs and goals that focuses on the skills and talents of its employees. All of this must be managed with care and guidance so that the organization’s mission is successfully accomplished. Successful organizations need both inspirational leaders and sound managers. In order to achieve increased and sustainable results, organizations need to execute strategies and engage employees. Success is measured by analyzing where the organization is in regards to its goals and its mission. Organizations need to think about the future of their business and think of better ways to be successful. Organizations can either view their challenges as competition with others or as opportunities to push them closer to reaching their full potential. What route they choose to take determines if they are successful or not. With the increased competition that exists in almost every industry these days, it is no longer possible for organizations to be one-dimensional, or to depend too much upon past success factors, like reputation, innovative products, low prices, clever marketing, or even an effective sales force (Crowell, 2016).
It is commonly believed that an organization is successful when it can achieve certain outcomes that allow it to be profitable and competitive in its own industry or marketplace. The exact nature of these outcomes depends on the organization itself, but can include such things as the realization of certain sales, revenues, or market share levels, the attainment of certain production figures, the maintenance of certain quality standards or even the occurrence of certain safety records (Crowell, 2016). Each of these outcomes is a global or composite index of how a company is doing as a whole. Organizations are accustomed to examining their own global outcomes as a routine part of tracking corporate wellbeing and success. Obviously, global outcomes are not the result of one or two people, or even a single department (Crowell, 2016). One way an organization can be successful is through employee participation. Organizations encourage employee participation and creativity as means of achieving success.
Smith (1994), postulated that in the changing workplace and aggressive market organizations should encourage participation and creativity as means of continuity, many companies seem to make effort by offering reward for new or ingenious evidence to its workforce which overtime has lacked regulations attempt (Serkan, 2009). Therefore, Employee participation is the involvement of more employees to have access to certain arrangement and decision (Shelly, 2000).
However, Pendleton (2001) made the suggestion that employee participation is an essential ingredient for organizational success and this worth considering. Comparatively labourers work in union and amount of literature on participation of employees need augmented discussion in relation to the modern increased competitive business environment.
Employee Participation is generally defined as a process in which influence is shared among individuals who are otherwise hierarchically unequal (Wagner, 1994). Employers seek productive efficiency but many of them fail to recognize that the means to this is increasingly locked in the heads of the people they employ. Again, the rise of global institutions presents other problems for workers as corporate decisions become more distant from the staff that they concern: a decision made to close a plant in one country may have been made many thousand miles away with little opportunity for inigenous employees to contribute or even question decisions that dramatically affect their lives (Doyle & Nathan, 2001; Felstead et al.,2003).Given this knowledge breach, our point of departure from previous studies is to empirically establish the relationship between employee participation and organizational success.
1.2 Statement of Problems
Employees are the engine room of the maritime industry which makes it necessary for them to take part in the decision making process, as they interact most with the customers and know what they want and would prefer. This rest on the belief that employees are the most indispensable resources in the maritime industry and organizational goals of increased performance and harmonious employees commitment to work is best attained when they are integrated in the decision making process of the organization.
The problems identified that prompted this study are Lack of Team work as employees are not allowed to work as a team, Lack of information sharing among employee and top management, Employees are not allowed to make decisions at board level, Objectives are not specifically defined by management within organization. It is based on these identified problems that this study is set to proffer a structured and accurate investigation on employee participation and organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the relationship between employee participation and organizational success. The specific objectives are as follows:
i. To examine the relationship between team work and organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
ii. To examine the relationship between information sharing and organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
iii. To find out the extent to which employee decision making influence organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
1.4 Research Questions
The following research questions will be used to guide the study.
i. To what extent does team work influence organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt?
ii. To what extent does information sharing influenceorganizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt?
iii. To what extent does employee decision making influence organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
H01: To examine the relationship between team work and organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
H02: To examine the relationship between information sharing and organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
H03: To find out the extent to which employee decision making influence organizational success of maritime industry in Port Harcourt.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant in the following ways;
Firstly, it will assist the organization to continually allow employee to participate in the decision makings and also make allow employee to share useful information for the good of the organization.
Others who will benefit from this study include, managers, business organizations, higher institutions and the society in general.
1.7 Scope of the Study
This study was carried out in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. With reference to some selected oil and gas firms which include Hozar Marine Services Limited and Modant Marine Limited. The researcher’s decided to limit this study to avoid travelling to other institution outside Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
Content Scope: The study empirically examines the relationship between employee participation and organizational success in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The specific areas of organizational success the study investigated include; profitability and customer satisfaction. Whereas, the areas of employee participation are team work, information sharing and employee decision making.
Geographical scope: This study covers an examination of strategic contributions of employee participation and organizational success of oil and gas firms in Port Harcourt. With reference to two gas firms in Rivers State including Ciscon Nigeria Limited, Thompson and Grace Investment Limited.
Unit of Analysis: the unit of analysis for this study is the employee of the selected gas firms at the time of the study. Hence, it is a micro level study.
Limitations of the Study
The major limitation of the study is the short time frame the research lasted, coupled with the tight academic time table, which prevented a very comprehensive study. The fund available to the researcher was also limited and therefore the study was limited to a small portion of the survey population.
Another limitation is the difficulties, encountered by the researcher in obtaining all needed information and materials from the right source and compilation of data for the project.
1.8 Definition of Terms
A better understanding of what the write-up intends to dwell upon which is Human Resource Planning and organizational survival. It has become imperative-to define some basic terms associated with the study.
This is to guard against ambiguity and distortion of the intended meaning in issues discussed or the context of the study.
Corporation: It is a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.
Decision making: The action or process of making important decisions.
Employee: A person employed for wages or salary, especially at non-executive level.
Information sharing: It referred to one-to-one exchanges of data between a sender and receiver.
Management by objective: It is a management model that aims to improve performance of an organization by clearly defining objectives that are agreed to by both management and employees.
Participation: The action of taking part in something.
Survival: It is the act of surviving; ability to remain in business.