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ABSTRACT
This study examined employee participation, with a survey study of the selected Maritime Firm in Rivers State. Data was collected from primary and secondary source. Population of 800 was use from Davecoil Marine Service Nigeria, Initah Integrated Services and Viva Morgan Limited in Rivers State, which a sample size was 260 and 260 respondents where taken for the study. This research aim to examine the relationship between employee participation and organizational performance by collecting opinion from the both staff of that firm. 260 sent of questionnaire were collected from the both staff. Data were analysed and tested using non-parameter statistical tool chi-square model. The result shows that, both staff, from the selected firm agree that employee participation enhance organisational performance. The study recomme nd that cooperation between Maritime Firm Statistical Government Agency is necessary in other to collected sound data information on training establishment and the work place practice very year.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page
Cover page
Abstract: – – – – – – – – – – i
Declaration: – – – – – – – – – ii
Dedication: – – – – – – – – – iii
Certification: – – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgements: – – – – – – – – v
Table of contents: – – – – – – – – vi
Chapter 1
Introduction: – – – – – – – – – 1
1.1 Background of the study: – – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of the problem: – – – – – – 4
1.3 Purpose/objective of the study: – – – – – 6
1.4 Research question: – – – – – – – 7
1.5 Research hypothesis: – – – – – – – 8
1.6 Significance of the study: – – – – – – 9
1.7 Scope/delimitation of the study: – – – – – 10
1.8 Limitation of the study: – – – – – – 11
1.9 Definition of terms
Chapter 2
Literature review: – – – – – – – – 13
2.1 Conceptual framework; – – – – – – 13
2.2 Theoretical framework: – – – – – – 14
2.3 Empirical framework: – – – – – – – 15
2.4 Definition and meaning of participation: – – – 16
2.5 Dimension of employee participation: – – – – 19
2.5.1 Financial: – – – – – – – – – 19
2.5.2 Rationale economic: – – – – – – – 19
2.5.3 Social rationale participation: – – – – – 20
2.5.4 Governmental rationale: – – – – – – 20
2.6 Definition and meaning of organisational performance: – 20
2.7 Measure of organizational performance: – – – 22
2.7.1 Effectiveness: – – – – – – – – 22
2.7.2 Productivity: – – – – – – – – 23
2.7.3 Profitability: – – – – – – – – 23
2.7.4 Changing behaviour: – – – – – – – 24
2.7 The relationship between employee participation and organizational performance: 24
Chapter 3
Research methodology: – – – – – – – 29
3.1 Research design: – – – – – – – – 29
3.2 Population of the study: – – – – – – 30
3.3 Sample and sampling technique: – – – – – 31
3.4 Data collection method: – – – – – – 32
3.5 Data analysis: – – – – – – – – 34
3.6 Reliability and validity: – – – – – – 35
Chapter 4
Data presentation and analysis: – – – – – – 37
4.1 Data collection and presentation: – – – – – 38
4.2 Data presentation and analysis: – – – – – 38
4.2.1 Research question: – – – – – – – 39
4.2.2 Research question two: – – – – – – 40
4.2.4 Question three: – – – – – – – – 41
4.3 Testing of hypothesis: – – – – – – – 48
Chapter 5
Discussion of findings: – – – – – – – 62
5.1 Result: – – – – – – – – – 62
Chapter 6
Summary, conclusion and recommendations: – – – 66
6.1 Summary: – – – – – – – – – 66
6.2 Conclusion: – – – – – – – – 67
6.3 Recommendations: – – – – – – – 68
References: – – – – – – – – – 72
Appendix I: – – – – – – – – – 75
Appendix II: – – – – – – – – – 76
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The development of every nation or state requires a conscious and sustainable effort from government action through the public sector and also from the private sector which is expected to exploit the quality framework provided by the government.
This study tends to examine and explicate employee participation and organisational performance, reference of Maritime Firm in Rivers State.
The employee participation in this view has been classify into both direct and indirect representative forms. Direct participation refers to employees immediate communication interaction, and co-decision making with management; indirect participation to one or more employees who act in a representative function for other employees in dealings including committees, council, and unions (Kaufman & Levine, 2010; Tars & Kaufman, 2013).
Participation as one of the so-called “high performance management practices” that contribute to organizational effectiveness, and later research supported this assumption is ample supported by empirical evidence, Fathum (2003) point to the performance is not only possible affected by management supporting employee participation, but also by employee resistance, for example, when employee or their representatives are opposed to bad management. However, compared to other practices such as job design, pay, and development opportunities, participation – particularly indirect participation and it effects have received relative interest in HRM studies. These researchers emphasize that from a managerial point of view employee involvement can be seen as a business tool: worker participation as a means to reduce transaction cost associated productivity (e.g., Colling, 2011 Frenkel, et al., 2009, Freeman et al, 2000; Ramsay, 1991; Gollan, 2006, 2010; Kaufman et al, 2007).
Move over, it can be argued sustainable that successful workers participation on the firm level has to meet employers and employees interest: aligned with an improved working conditions, and increased job security. After all, only company with sustainable productivity and profitability are able to ensure further enhancement of workers conditions.
Against this background, investigating the effect of workers participation for organizational performance is legitimate. This chapter addresses this issue by focusing on direct workers participation on maritime firms in Rivers State and especially Davecoil Marine Service Nigeria, Initah Integrated Services and Viva Moghan Limited of reference that we know best. More especially, the goal here is to explore possible solution to the following puzzle’s how direct and indirect firms of participation separate as well as in combination that affect organizational performance?
We decided to leave direct participation involvement out of our consideration because in most firms interference is restricted to collective, sector level bargaining with a strong focus on remuneration package and decision making in regard to individual organization has out side the union mandate.
Furthermore, Gollen (2010, p. 212) stated that the interest of maritime firm participation is increasing because union is in decline, and legislative changes more and more for compulsory maritime arrangement. For example Rivers State maritime consultation between management and worker representative seem to be growing (Hall, 2009) partly under influence of recent firms direction on information and consultation of employees.
In the fore going view we are now incline that employee participation is the collective arrangement by the employees toward a specific work in other to improved the organizational performance (field study: 2017).
This chapter explore two stream of research which have shape this work. The first concerns the connection between direct participation and employee outcome like commitment, and consequently organizational performance. After presenting a brief overview, we proceed to concentrate on indirect participation and organizational performance connection, with a strong focus on the role of maritime workers. With this we are able to present our view on employee participation and organizational performance.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The employee participation considering the most critical statement for the survival of the organization.
There had been a progressive decline in the ability of employee participation to cope with the challenges of providing financial need for the workers.
It was the opinion of the firms to observe poor performance of the organization workers for their inability to keep abreast with the new technological communication as a result of giving appropriate and sufficient staff training.
It was the inability of the organization to provide rationale economic condition to their employee.
It was the inability of the employer to provide social rationale condition for the employee in other to improve their performance.
It was a statement of the employee to the employer to provide educational programme to their staff.
There was low performance, effectiveness profitability, productivity and inaccuracy in the workplace.
However, the researcher use a selected firm such as, maritime firm as a reference condition of the organization.
1.3 Purpose/Objective of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between employee participation and organizational performance. The specific objective is itemized below:
- a) To examine the relation between financial and organizational performance of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
- b) To examine the relationship between communication and organizational performance of selected maritime firm in Rivers State.
- c) To examine the relationship between rationale economic and organizational performance of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
- d) To examine the relationship between social rationale and organizational performance of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
- e) To investigate the relationship between education and organizational performance of selected maritime firm in Rivers State.
- f) To investigate the relationship between effectiveness and organizational performance of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
- g) To investigate the relationship between productivity and organizational performance of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
- h) To examine the relationship between profitability and organizational performance of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
- i) To examine the relationship between efficiency and organizational performance.
1.4 Research Question
- a) Is there any relationship between financial and organizational performance?
- b) Is there any relationship between communication and organizational performance?
- c) Is there any relationship between rationale economic and organizational performance?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypotheses are formulated for test in the study.
HA1: There is a significant relationship between financial and organizational performance in selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
HA2: There is a significant relationship between communication and organizational performance in selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
HA3: There is a relationship between rationale economic and organizational performance in selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study provide new idea for solving problem in the organization.
It encourage student for further communication in other to increase their performance. It helps the under graduate to pursue social rationale programme in other to build their skill and behaviour.
It helps lecturer and managers for further research about the performance of the organization employee participation motivate and enhances the behaviour of the workers to adapt to the technological change in the organization.
It increased productivity, productivity and efficiency of workers.
It improve workers morale and satisfy the desire of the employee for self expression.
It encourage social, education with promotion and solidarity in the working class.
1.7 Scope/Delimitation of the Study
The study is delimited under the following context scope the scope of this study is to examine the relationship between employee participation and organizational performance in selected maritime firms in Rivers State. Within the period of 2017 to 2019. Employee participation considering both the conceptual approach and theoretical approach.
Geographical scope: This study focus on the geographical area of selected maritime firms in Rivers State.
Analysis: The performance of employee (staff) is a conduct of their, financial, communication and rationale economic employee participation for better performance depends on job satisfaction, achievement recognition and professional growth.
1.8 Limitation of the Study
This study is limited under the following heading.
Time factors: Considering the shored period stated for this study is a limiting factors. The uncompromising attitude of our respondent is a limiting factors because they think we are disturbing them and so refusing to fill our questionnaire we distributed.
Non availability of research material requesting for project material was a limiting factor. Because time to visit library, visit cyber café and working for project work by other to get material for the study.
Financial problem; non availability of finance to carrying out or meeting up of some certain need and want for the study.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Employee participation: Is a tools that is used to motivate the employee. When subordinate are involved in decision – making at all level.
According to New-Storm et al, 2007, participation is the mental and emotional involvement of people in group situation that encourages them to contribute to group goals and share responsibility. Rationale is the reasoning behind a decision or something.
HRM: Means human resource management.
Effectiveness: Is the degree to which objective are achieved and the extent to which targeted problem are solved.
Motivation: It involve both the internal and external futures that stimulate desire and energy in people to continually interested committed to a job, role or subject, or to make effort to attain goal.
Organization: Is a social unit of people that is structure and manage to meet a need or to pursue collective goal.
Organizational
performance: An analysis of a company’s performance as compared to goals and objective.
Performance: Is the accomplishment of a given task measure against present know standard of accuracy completeness, lost, and speed.
Profitability: Is the state or condition of fielding a financial profit or gain.
Productivity: Is a measure of the efficiency of a person, machine, factors system, etc in converting inputs into useful output.
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