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Abstract
The objective of this project work is to design and fabricate a system that will generate electricity using wind turbine. The components require are: the blade made of acetic plastic material with a rectangular shape and angle of 150, a pulley system which increases the speed of the shaft, a shaft of 20mm in diameter which transmit power, a synchronous dynamo, automatic voltage regulator that produces alternating current (A.C) that will be used for home appliances and possibly utility grid, a base plate of 380mm x 380mm in dimension, a bearing housing of 350mmx180mm. This project works precisely, the design and fabrication of a wind turbine that will produce power 1kw and voltage of above 100V. At average wind speed of 5km/h, the everage voltage is 5.83V, while the average power (P) = 0.87W. See fig.4.1 to fig 4.6 for more details.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENT vi
CHAPTER ONE 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 2
1.3 ADVANTAGE OF WIND TURBINE 2
1.4 USEFULNESS OF PROJECT 4
1.5 AIM OF THE PROJECT 5
1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 5
CHAPTER TWO 6
LITERATURE REVIEW 6
CHAPTER THREE 14
3.0 DESIGN AND FABRICATION 14
3.1.1 Design Consideration 15
3.1.2 Design Analysis 17
3.2 Material Selection 21
3.2.1 Part: Blade 22
3.2.2 Part: Low and High Shaft 23
3.2.3 Part: Blade Plate 23
3.2.4 Part: Rotor Stand 23
3.2.5 Part: Dynamo Stand and Support 24
3.3 Fabrication Techniques 24
CHAPTER FOUR 27
4.0 TESTING/RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 27
4.1 Principle of Operation 27
4.2 Experimentation 27
4.2 Discussion of Result 29
- 3 Maintenance and Safety 30
CHAPTER FIVE 34
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 34
5.1 CONCLUSION 34
5.2 Recommendations 34
REFERENCES 36
APPENDICE A 37
APPENDICE B 39
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The advent of science and technology has brought us structural development in the world’s utilization over the years, energy has been supplied by the use of hydrocarbon fuels such as; wood, coke, coal, oil, gas natural gas and to some extent nuclear energy(uranium). These entire energy sources are limited and have a negative effect to man and his environment.
In recent years, wind energy has becomes one of the most economical sources of energy because it’s available in all regions. Burning fossil fuels is harmful for the environment. When coal and oil is burned they released particles that can pollute the air, water and land.
That is they cannot replace themselves naturally they are combustible and pose a great degree of pollution to the atmosphere which cause global warming (a general increase in the world temperature caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide emission to atmosphere). All these limitation have necessitated the use of renewable source of energy such as the use of wind turbine for power generation.
Wind energy is a source of renewable power which comes from air current flowing across the earth’s surface, wind turbine harness the kinetic energy of wind and convert it into useable power which can provide electricity for home, farm, school or business. Other applicable areas are small (residential) medium (community), or large (ability) scales. Wind energy is one of the fastest sources of generating electricity in the world today.
Wind Turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into electrical power. Wind turbine is designed to exploit the wind energy that exists at a location.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- To help the students to know how to design and fabricate a wind turbine.
- To help the students to know how to generate electricity without using conventional power plant or generate plant that will not generate noise and causing harm to the environment.
iii. To know how to develop 1.5KVA of electricity from wind energy.
- To know how to measure wind speed and fluctuations in the region.
1.3 ADVANTAGE OF WIND TURBINE
- Cost Effective: Wind power is a cost competition source of electricity, largely due to technological advancement, as well manufacture and put online around the world it is affordable because it is not expensive.
- Green Power: The electricity produced from wind power is said to be clean because its generation do not produces pollution or greenhouse gases. As both health and environment concern are on the rise, clean energy source are demanded.
iii. Sustainable: Wind is a renewable energy source, wind that blows across the earth. This infinite energy supply is a security that many users view as a stable investment in our energy economic as well as in our children’s future.
- Economic Development: As well as being affordable wind power is a locally produced source of electricity that enables communities to keep energy dollars in their economy, job creation (manufacturing, service, construction and operation) and tax base increase and other economy development benefit for communities utilizing wind energy.
However they are more frequently used as a mechanical device to turn machinery. Wind mill can be used from grinding grain, pumping water, sailing boats and transporting water flow. Renewable energy production and demand is gaining momentum in modem time across the globe and there is a booming demand of wind power today arid all wind energy equipment manufacturers are gearing up to meet the demand take advantage of it. More developing countries and energy economic are placing their faith in greater use of renewable energy and are formulating specific expansion targets for a green energy mix”. Wind power which has been tested for many years in industrialized countries and achieving markets maturity, has a prominent role to play in the developing world that does not have the technology to handle environmental pollution. In many locations excellent wind condition promise inexpensive power generation when compared with costly imported energy source such as diesel.
Though, there is a shortage of qualified personal to establish the foundation for the exploitation of wind energy and to develop projects on their own initiative. The absence of reliable data on wind potential combine with unattractive energy policy frame work conditions deters experienced international investors, who instead focus their attention on the expanding markets in western countries. It is only in recent years that appreciable development of the market potential in developing countries and emerging economies has taken place.
Finally, wind power plant can make a significant contribution to the regional electricity supply and to power supply, it produces no green house gases, a very short lead time for planning and construction is required as compared to conventional power projects. Wind energy projects are flexible with regard to an increasing demand.
1.4 USEFULNESS OF PROJECT
Wind turbines are used to generate electricity for lighting our homes, office and as well as power machines and various equipment. Wind turbine is renewable, non-polluting and doesn’t need any fuel for its operation wind turbine can also be used to sail boat on the sea, grind grains and pump water. The inverter and other components used for generating electricity from wind turbine operate reliably for a long period of time with actually low maintenance.
1.5 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The aim of this study is to device a safe reliable, efficient and low cost means of generating electricity from the wind power.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The scope of this project encompasses the construction of wind turbine using wind energy to generate electricity.
Complete Material Cost #3,000