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ABSTRACT
A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for making holes in various materials or driving screws. The attachment is gripped by a chuck at one end of the drill and rotated while pressed against the target material. The tip, and sometimes edges, of the cutting tool does the work of cutting into the target material. This may be slicing off thin shavings (twist drills or auger bits), grinding off small particles (oil drilling), crushing and removing pieces of the workpiece (SDS masonry drill), countersinking, counterboring, or other operations. Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. The bit is pressed against the work-pierce and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minute.
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE……………………………………………………………………………………………. i
CERTIFICATION………………………………………………………………………………………… ii
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………………………… iii
DECLARATION…………………………………………………………………………………………. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………………….. v
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………………………. vi
TABLE OF CONTENT………………………………………………………………………………… vii
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM…………………………………………………………………. 3
1.3 OBJECTIVES……………………………………………………………………………………. 4
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY…………………………………………………………………………….. 4
1.5 IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT………………………………………………………………… 5
TYPES/CLASSIFICATION OF DRILLING MACHINE…………………………………………… 5
CHAPTER TWO 8
LITERATURE REVIEW 8
2.2 PURPOSE OF DRILLING MACHINE……………………………………………………….. 9
CHAPTER THREE 13
METHODOLOGY 13
3.1 TROUBLE SHOUTING……………………………………………………………………….. 13
3.2 FAULTS IDENTIFIED………………………………………………………………………… 16
3.4 ACTION TAKEN TO CORRECT THE IDENTIFIED FAULT…………………………… 19
3.5 TOOLS USED………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
CHAPTER FOUR 23
PRESENTATION OF DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT 23
BILL OF QUANTITY………………………………………………………………………………….. 23
CHAPTER FIVE 31
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 31
5.1 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………. 31
5.1 RECOMMENDATION……………………………………………………………………………. 31
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
There are two types of machine drill, the bench drill and the pillar drill. The bench drills used for drilling holes through materials including a range of woods, plastics and metals. It is normally bolted to a bench so that it cannot be pushed over and that larger pieces of material can be drilled safely. The attachment is gripped by a chuck at one end of the drill and rotated while pressed against the target material. The tip, and sometimes edges, of the cutting tool does the work of cutting into the target material.
A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for making holes in various materials or driving screws. The attachment is gripped by a chuck at one end of the drill and rotated while pressed against the target material. The tip, and sometimes edges, of the cutting tool does the work of cutting into the target material. This may be slicing off thin shavings (twist drills or auger bits), grinding off small particles (oil drilling), crushing and removing pieces of the work-pierce (SDS masonry drill), countersinking, counter boring, or other operations.
Drills are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, construction and do-it-yourself projects. Specially designed drills are also used in medicine, space missions and other applications. Drills are available with a wide variety of performance characteristics, such as power and capacity.
Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. The bit is pressed against the work-pierce and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minute.
A pillar drill is a free standing machine that uses a motor to rotate a drill bit. This drill bit then can be used to cut holes of different diameters in different types of material. The pillar drill can be small enough to fit onto a table (bench pillar drill) or as big as a human.
Restoration of a broken, damaged, or failed device, equipment, part, or property to an acceptable operating or usable condition or state. See also beyond economic repair, major repair, normal repair, and reparability.
Maintenance is strictly connected to the utilization stage of the product or technical system, in which the concept of maintainability must be included. In this scenario, maintainability is considered as the ability of an item, under stated conditions of use, to be retained in or restored to a state in which it can perform its required functions, using prescribed procedures and resources.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Pillar drilling machines are frequently used in Ken Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic and specifically in the old mechanical workshop. However, the level of machines maintenance is not achieving the excellent stage. Moreover, proper maintenance is important to the machines in order to obtain the extended lifetime. Therefore, it is important for the machine to undergo annual and proper service and maintenance to avoid total breakdown.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
Specific objectives of the project are:
To identify and analyze the possible causes of breakdown of the pillar drilling machine.
To rehabilitate, repair and maintain the pillar drilling machine.
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY
The emphasis of this project is concerned on the rehabilitation, repairs and maintenance of the pillar drilling machine in the old mechanical workshop. This project is been carried out to restore a dead pillar drilling machine. The consequence of this project may not be applicable to other projects with different types of machines, it is specifically for the pillar drilling machines.
1.5 IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT
The importance of the project are:
To successfully restore the life of the pillar drilling machine used in the Old mechanical workshop.
The restored pillar drilling machine would be used for drilling of components and practical performance by other mechanical students.
The machine would be in a good condition which bring towards friendly working environment.
TYPES/CLASSIFICATION OF DRILLING MACHINE
Pillar Drilling machine: This drilling machines, usually called pillar drills, are quite similar to the table top drilling machines but of little larger size and higher capacity (0.55 1.1kW) and are grouted on the floor (foundation).
Column drilling machine: These box shaped column type drilling machines are much more strong, rigid and powerful than the pillar drills. In column drills the feed gear box enables automatic and power feed of the rotating drill at different feed rates as desired.
Radial drilling machine: this usually large drilling machine possesses a radial arm which along with the drilling head can swing and move vertically up and down.
Table top drilling machine: These small capacity (≤ 0.5 kW) upright (vertical) single spindle drilling machines are mounted (bolted) on rigid table and manually operated using usually size (φ≤ 10 mm) drills.
GENERAL PURPOSE DRILLS MAY BE CLASSIFIED AS:
According to material:
High speed steel – most common
Cemented carbides
According to size
Large twist drills of diameter around 40mm
Microdrills of diameter 25 to 500 m
Medium range (most widely used) diameter ranges
According to number of flutes
Two fluted – most common
Single flute – e.g, gun drill (robust)
Three or four flutes – called slot drill
According to lent –to- diameter ratio
Deep hole drill; e.g crank shaft drill, gun drill etc.
General type: L/ φ = 6 to 10
Small length: e.g centre drill