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Abstract
The study has examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt. The survey research design was employed since the study was to ascertain corporate social responsibility and organizational sustainability. The population of the study was made to be one hundred (100). The Yaro Yemens formula was used to determine the sample size of 80. The instrument used in the data collected is interview and questionnaire method which are seen as being more effective and stable for a research of this nature. The method used to analyze the data was simple descriptive method stated in tables and expressed in percentage. Findings amongst others reveal that economic responsibility associated with organizational sustainability of some selected Commercial Banks in Port Harcourt and legal responsibility is associate with organizational sustainability of some selected Commercial Banks in Port Harcourt. Based on the finding of the study, we recommended that there is need for governments backing of environmental management by assisting telecommunication companies that are socially responsible and involve in environmental sustainability, that communication companies should improve in her activities of corporate social responsibility and that corporate social responsibility should be properly addressed on the company.
Table of Contents
Title Page i
Cover Page ii
Declaration iii
Certification iv
Dedication v
Acknowledgements vi
Abstract vii
Table of Contents viii
CHAPTER 1 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of Problems 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study 4
1.5 Significance of the Study 5
1.6 Scope of the study 6
1.7Limitation of the Study 6
1.8 Definition of Terms 7
CHAPTER 2 8
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 8
2.1 Conceptual Framework 8
2.1.1 Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility 9
2.1.2 Dimensions of Corporate Social Responsibility 13
2.1.3 Concept of Organizational Sustainability 14
2.1.4 Measures of Organizational Sustainability 15
2.1.5 Corporate Social Responsibility and organizational Sustainability 16
2.2 Theoretical Framework 18
2.2.1 Stakeholder Theory: 18
2.3 Empirical Framework 19
CHAPTER 3 25
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 25
3.1 Research Design 25
3.2 Sample Design 25
3.3 Population 26
3.4 Sample Size 26
3.5 Method of Data Collection 27
3.6 Method of data analysis 28
CHAPTER 4 29
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 29
4.1 Data Collection and Presentation 29
4.2 Data Analysis 30
4.3 Discussion of Findings 35
CHAPTER 5 37
SUMMARYS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 37
5.1 Summary 37
5.2 Conclusions 37
5.3 Recommendations 38
References 39
Appendix I 41
Appendix II 42
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
organizational sustainability is an approach that creates long-term stakeholder value by implementing a business strategy that considers every dimension of how a business operates in the ethical, social, environmental, cultural, and economic spheres. It also formulates strategies to build a company that fosters longevity through transparency and proper employee development. organizational sustainability is an evolution on more traditional phrases describing ethical corporate practice. The phrase is derived from two keys sources. The Brundtland Commission’s Report, Our Common Future, described sustainable development as, “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. This desire to grow without damaging future generations’ prospects is becoming more and more central to business philosophies. Within more academic management circles, Elkington (1997) developed the concept of the Triple Bottom Line which proposed that business goals were inseparable from the societies and environments within which they operate. Whilst short-term economic gain could be chased, a failure to account for social and environmental impacts would make those business practices unsustainable.
Measuring organizational sustainability is possible through composite indicators which aggregate environmental, social, corporate governance and economic measures, e.g. Complex Performance Indicator. Corporate social responsibility is one construct that can enhance organizational sustainability.
Corporate social responsibility is a nebulous concept that has been described in a number of ways, it is widely used in literature of sociology, anthropology, economics, politics and business administration .Most writers on corporate social responsibility see the concept as the disposition of an organization to exhibit ‘’missionary’’ rather than ‘’mercenary’’ attitudes toward the society. Corporate social responsibility in relation to business is the obligation of a business organization to pursue those lines of action, which are desirable in terms of objectives, and values of society. (Lawal and Sulaimon, 2007) defined it as ‘’ intelligent and objective concern, which restrains individual or corporate behaviour from ultimately destructive activities, no matter how immediately profitable, and leads to the direction of the positive contribution to human betterment. Presumably, corporate executives as agents of the owners are to be responsible for conducting the business in accordance with the desire of the owner while conforming to the basic rules of the society. The responsibility has three broad facets (Ikpeze, 2001). First, contribution to charity. Second, elimination of social costs. The third facet of social responsibility is the adoption and observance of ethical codes aimed at reducing business malpractices.
Oil exploratory firms in Nigeria and other types of business must be seen in many actions domains can pursue social responsibility in areas such as: concern for ecology and environment, commitment to quality, truth in advertisement, customer satisfaction and education. Other concern include service to community needs, fair employment practices, progressive labour relations, employment assistance and corporate philanthropy.(Ogbeuchi, 2008). This study proxied corporate social responsibility with economic, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibility while organizational sustainability was proxied with three non-financial outcomes associated with commercial banks namely; economic sustainability, social sustainability and environmental sustainability.
1.2 Statement of Problems
The purpose of this study is to investigate corporate social responsibility and organizational sustainability. It attempts to determine how an organization carries out its obligation to the stakeholders which serves as a strategy for carrying out business activities peacefully. Most times claims made by various stakeholders are too much on the organization, yet they are expected to get actively involved in getting them solved. In trying to meet up these expectations, most organizations indulge in some unethical acts which most times return on them.
This study attempt to understand which CSR elements have the ability to influence the corporate reputation. The study also attempt employees’ perception on their organization’s corporate image affects their behavior as well as how they promote their organization to the other stakeholders.
Previous researchers indicated certain elements of CSR (such as organizational ethics) as having impact on employees’ perceived corporate image that can affect their commitment to their organization as well as host community relations (Ikpeze, 2001). From the foregoing, therefore this study seeks to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt. The following objectives are to be achieved:
- To examine the relationship between economic responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt.
- To examine the relationship between legal responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt.
iii. To examine the relationship between ethical responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt.
- To examine the relationship between discretionary responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt.
1.4 Research Question
The following research questions are posed to guide the study:
- To what extent is economic responsibility associate with organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt?
- To what extent does legal responsibility associate with organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt?
iii. To what extent is ethical responsibility associate with organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt?
- To what extent is discretionary responsibility associate with organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt?
1.5 Significance of the Study
One of the main reasons this study is being conducted is because society’s expectation on organizational CSR effort is gaining momentum and fast becoming a standard business practice. Many organizations have started implementing CSR as part of their organization practices as well as to fulfill their legal obligation. However, in order for CSR to be effective and bring to bring value to the organization (such as improving the corporate image and employee’s commitment), organization and employees’ need to have a deeper insight to the benefit of investing in CSR prior to embarking on this time consuming, resources demanding and costly project.
This study is also significant because it has been able to unveil the roles of corporate social responsibility and organizational sustainability in selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt.
1.6 Scope of the study
The study is delimited under the following heading: content scope, geographical scope and unit of analysis.
Content Scope: The content scope of this study involves an investigation to ascertain the relationship between corporate social responsibility and organizational effectiveness. The independent variable is corporate social responsibility measure by Economic responsibility, Legal responsibility, ethical responsibility and discretionary responsibility. While dependent variable is organizational sustainability, measures by economic sustainability, social sustainability and environmental sustainability.
Geographical Scope: This study is delimited in Port Harcourt Metropolis with special reference to some selected commercial Banks in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
Unit of Analysis: The unit of analysis in this research involves the individuals at the time of carrying out the study.
1.7Limitation of the Study
In carrying out an investigation of this nature the researcher must of necessity be faced with the following constraint; Time, poor response from respondents and finance.
This study involves an investigation of corporate social responsibility in relation to organizational sustainability. Hence it is a micro level study.
1.8 Definition of Terms
The following terms are operationally defined below:
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Corporate Social responsibility is firm’s obligation to constituent groups in society other than shareholders and beyond that prescribe by law or union contract.
ECONOMIC RESPONSIBILITY
This is base level of the itinerary; it involves returns to owners and shareholders, creations of job, fair play for workers, innovation, efficient utilization of resumes etc.
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY
This relates to complying with legal legislations imposed by the government and regulatory agencies. It means that corporations that want to be ethical must be the economically, and legally responsible.
ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY
Those activities expected of corporations as members of the society, which are not defined by laws. This shows corporation as being moral, doing things, just and fair.
DISCRETIONARY RESPONSIBILITY
This concerns group activities and actions that are the result of organizations discretions rather than legal demands or ethical norms. Examples are philanthropic contributions, sponsorship, and educational development.