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ABSTRACT
An intercom is a stand-alone voice communication system for use within a building or small collection of buildings, functioning independently of the public telephone network. Intercoms are generally mounted permanently in buildings and vehicles. Intercoms can incorporate connections to public address loudspeaker systems, walkie talkies, telephones. Three way inter communication system is nothing but the communications within three persons not close to one another. This does not mean we should categorize telephone, fax, teleprinters, telegram etc. an example of intercom system since they are used in communication between people. In fact, intercom involves short distance places. It is limited in electronics, offices and hospitals. The intercom system under is a two way station types. This means that a person can communicate to the other at another station at his own convenient time. They call one another attention by the use of tone generator. Depress a button and the tone sounds, and the same switch is thrown to the intercom circuit thus they communicate.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE:
ABSTRACT ii
AKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
DECLARATION iv
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………v
CERTIFICATION vi
PREFACE…………………………………………………………………………….vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS viii
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF TABLES xi
CHAPTER ONE 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 2
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 3
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 3
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE STUDY 3
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 4
CHAPTER TWO 5
LITERATURE RIVIEW 5
2.1 WHAT IS AN INTERCOM SYSTEM 5
2.2 BASIC INTERCOM SYSTEM TERMS 6
2.3 TYPES OF INTERCOM SYSTEM 8
CHAPTER THREE…………………………………………….……………..……13
METHODOLOGY 13
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENT 13
3.2 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF A TWO WAY INTERCOM SYSTEM IN A TWO BEDROOM 14
3.3 CONSTRUCTION 15
CHAPTER FOUR 17
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 17
4.1 RESISTOR 17
4.2 COLOUR CODING OF A RESISTOR 18
4.3 CONNECTION OF A RESISTOR 20
4.4 RESULT 27
4.5 FULL LOAD AND OUTPUT VOLTAGES 27
4.6 LOAD REGULATION 28
4.7 EFFICIENCY 29
CHAPTER FIVE 30
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 30
5.1 SUMMARY 30
5.2 CONCLUSION 31
5.3 RECOMMENDATION 32
APPENDIX 33
REFERENCES 34
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Electronic inter communication is the process of exchanging information between individuals over relatively long distance by the use of electronic system connected together by communication cables or the instrument cable or satellite links, Mike Tooley (5 February 1952). A telephone system and an intercom system can be used to achieve inter communication.
In the department of Electrical Electronics Engineering there exists the need for inter communication between all the offices in the department so as to enable the smooth running of activities. Where by information and ideas are exchanged between the individuals concerned just at the press of a switch. To achieve this kind of situation an economical means of electronic communication was considered.
Thus the intercom system was chosen so as to inter connect the two bedroom earlier specified. Other rooms can also be attached or connected to the system as time goes on since there is room for modification. One may ask why the telephone systems not considered since it is also another system of inter communication. The telephone system is equally better but less appropriate since it requires a dedicated line from NITEL who charges bills accordingly. The intercom system only makes use of the physical communication cables interlinking the handsets concerned.
Also, the telephone system requires PABX system (Private Automatic Box Exchange) for effective communication between the concerned telephone sets. The PABX is a high capacity telephone switching equipment that automatically connects a call to the desired route or extension number. It equally handles both external call and internal call. The telephone set or system is more appropriate for a whole educational complex or company. It is not appropriate to use the telephone for the connectivity of few offices as this under-utilize the capacity of the PABX since they are designed to handle high capacity of lines. Bearing cost in mind, the two ways intercom units are cheaper to construct when compared to the procuring of PABX system take more of design and construction.
By embarking on the two ways intercom, this is believed that an efficient communication gadget or communication link between the two bedrooms shall be achieved.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
These are the problems it can result to:
- Without an intercom system, effective communication cannot be controlled which may result to accident on an emergency situation.
- Some homes without a good intercom system, one can be yelling throughout the house which may be annoying.
- The servant finds it laborious going to the boss always when ever he/she has information to deliver or wants to carry out action with respect to the master authority.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this work is to construct a device that can be used to communicate among two individual in different parts of the home and in the case of injury or emergency.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Yelling throughout the house or office can be an annoying and inconvenient way to communicate. Using an intercom system in your home or office can save time and provide more effective communication channel. The home intercom system provides functions ranging from convenience to security. Conversations can be held between individuals in different parts of the home and in the case of injury or emergency.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE STUDY
- This circuit can be used as a home intercom circuit
- It can be used at small buildings like coffee shops and small office
- This circuit can also be installed in vehicles
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
A two way intercom system in a two bedroom scope is very large, but the scope of this project constructed is to build a two way intercom system that can be used for several purposes such as alarming device, signaling device etc.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- When using an intercom system, anyone in the room of the sender or recipient of the message can hear the conversation. Communication might have to be repeated if station or poor sound quality exists in the intercom.
- An intercom is an electronic communication system within a building or group of buildings. They are generally composed of fixed microphone/speaker units which connect to a central control panel.
- This circuit is based upon theoretical calculations and may require practical changes to be made while implementing the circuit in hardware.
- This is designed for speakers with low range and hence cannot be used at large buildings.
- This requires a change over switch.
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