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ABSTRACT
The study is entitled the conflict management on organizational reputation: a survey of selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt. The aim of the study is to examined the relationship between conflict management and reputation in specific term therefore, the study is delimited to selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt, State. The study focused on Daewoo E. & C and Saipem Oil servicing in Port Harcourt. The population of 100 was derived using simple random techniques while the sample size of 80 was determined using Taro Yemen’s formula. Chi-square was used to test the hypothesis. The instrument used in the data collection was personal interview and questionnaire method which was in the primary data collected while the secondary data was from literature review and textbook. From the analysis, the research reveals that the impact of conflict management helps top managers to increase productivity. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made among others that the universal declaration should ensure equitable treatments of employees and that the fulcrum of any organization is dependent on the level of human capital performance. This work was guided by the Marxist Theory of industrial conflict and harmony.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Tile Page i
ABSTRACT vi
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLE ix
List of Figure x
CHAPTER ONE 1
Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 2
1.3 Objectives of the Study 3
1.4 Research Question 3
1.5 Research Hypotheses 4
1.6 Significant of the Study 4
1.7 Scope of the Study 4
1.8 Definition of Related Terms 5
CHAPTER 2 8
Review of Related Literature 8
2.1 Conceptual Framework 8
2.1.1 Concept of Conflict Management 9
2.1.2 Dimensions of Conflict Management 11
2.1.3 Different Types of Conflict 13
2.1.4 Views of Conflict Management 15
2.1.5 Importance of Organisational Conflict 17
2.1.6 Characteristics of Conflict 18
Improves Organizational Image 21
Customer Loyalty 23
Viability of Business 24
2.1.10 The Relationship between Conflict Management and organizational Reputation 25
2.2 Theoretical Framework 26
2.1.3 The Power Approach 27
2.2.4 Conciliatory Approach 28
2.3 Empirical Framework 28
CHAPTER THREE 32
Research Methodology 32
3.1 Research Design 32
3.2 Population of the Study 32
3.3 Questionnaire Design 33
3.4 Source and Method of Data Collection 33
3.5 Sample and Sampling Techniques 34
3.6 Data Analytical Techniques 35
3.7 Reliability and Validity 35
CHAPTER FOUR 37
Data Presentation and Analysis 37
4.1 Data Collection and Presentation 37
4.2 Data Analysis 38
4.3 Testing of Hypothesis 42
4.4 Discussion of Findings 44
CHAPTER FIVE 46
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation 46
5.1 Summary 46
5.2 Conclusion 46
References 48
APPENDIX I 54
APPENDIX II 55
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
Organization, be it public or private small or big exist essentially to achieve certain economic social or political objectives. These objectives may be in form of profit making, provision of services production of goods and increases in sales turnover etc. however these objectives can only be achieved when human resources are employed to utilize other resources such as raw materials, machineries, money and information. (George and Jones 1996) organization are made up of different people with different attitude, beliefs, abilities and personality therefore conflicts is inevitable. There is no organization that can effectively carry out its day to day activities without encountering some form of conflict. Therefore conflict is the most commonest general and wide-spread phenomenon that is synonymous with group activity and interaction. According to Uya (1992), conflict cannot be completely dissociated from human beings and their endeavors be it group or organization. This means that conflict is necessary evil that one cannot do without. Conflict refers to a situation in which there are incompatible goals, cognition or emotion within or between individuals or group that led to opposition (uya,1992). This definition recognize three basic types of conflict which are goal conflict which arises when the desired outcomes are in compatible between groups cognitive and effective conflict. Cognitive conflicts arise as a result of incompatibility of ideas. Affective conflict on the other hand usually arise when there is an incompatibility in emotions. Conflict can also arise when two or more values, prospective and opinions are contradictory in natures and have not been agreed upon, conflict has both positive and negative effect on organization that is why there is a need for effective conflict management strategy. Conflict management refers to an attempt to control or regulate conflict through a number of measures. (Adeyemi and Ademilua,2012) constructively managed conflict induces a positive performance while privately managed conflict heats up the environment to bring about dislocation of the entire group and polarization reduced productivity on job performance, psychological and physical injury.
Though an effective conflict management a cooperative atmosphere is created to promote opportunities and movements are directed towards non- violent, recondition or basic clashing interest (Uchindu, Anijaobi and Odigwe, 2013). From the foregoing therefore, the study seeks to examine the relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Expanding industrial activities have been ascribed incompletely as casualisation of specialists (Kalejaiye, 2014). Taking the banking sector as a case, as related to the extent to which the issue can be seen.
Considering the impart of conflict in an organization and how people view the concept it becomes imperative for such a research work to be carried out in order for the organization association and even interested public appreciate the concept. This study also seeks to explain the effectiveness of conflict in organization and also the harmony available in managing the conflict.Numerous organizations in Nigeria are tormented by a bunch of issues and illnesses created by wasteful and incapable administrative style or strained relationship amongst administration and the worker’s party (Fapohunda, 2012). It is against these problems that, this study empirically evaluates the relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt. The specific objectives of the study are to:
- Examine the relationship between conflict avoidance and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
- Determine the relationship between competition and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
- Ascertain the relationship between cooperation and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
- To examine the extent to which organizational culture moderate the relationship between conflict management and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
1.4 Research Question
The following research questions were proposed to guide the study.
- Does conflict avoidance associate with organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt?
- To what extent does competition and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt?
- Does cooperation associate with organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt?
- What is the extent to which organizational culture moderate the relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
HO: There is a significant relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
H1: There is a significant relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
1.6 Significant of the Study
The relevant of this study rest in the importance to stakeholders in the organization. This study will assist organizational managers on the tools techniques to employ in managing conflict in their respective organizations in the banking industries. This study is pertinent to trade unionist in their respective organizations. This study is justify because it will assist in the stability and relative profitability in the organization particularly in the period of economic recession. This study will also contribute in enriching the literature in industrial relations particularly in management sciences in general.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited under the following headings; content scope, geographical scope and unit of analysis
Content Scope: The content of this study involves on investigation to ascertain the relationship between conflict management effectiveness and organizational reputation in some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
Geographical Scope: This study is delimited to some selected oil servicing firms in Port Harcourt.
Unit of Analysis: The unit of analysis involved the staff at the terms of carrying this study. The scope of this study is to ascertain the relationship between conflict management and organizational harmony.
In carrying out an investigation of this nature the researcher must of necessity be faced with some constraints.
Firstly, the time constraints, the time frame provided for this study was short.
Secondly, Financial constraints. Usually, a study of this nature involved some level of expenditure therefore; finance was also a limiting factor.
Thirdly, Poor response from the respondent and inability to access the entire population of the study. In the next segment significance of the study will be discussed. Lastly, poor measurement instrument.
1.8 Definition of Related Terms
Avoidance
This study argues that “avoidance” in some instances, be recognized as an active form of conflict resolution. That adopting avoidance as a method of conflict resolution can be an active method of team building demonstrated if the organization considers the staff.
Competition
It reflects a desire to meet one’s own needs and concerns at the expense of the other party. As the model illustrates, the most assertive and least co-operative people use the competitive style. If the stakes are high, enough, a very competitive person’s use of power may well be limit only by some greater external power such as the law or social taboos.
Cooperation
Cooperation is the most appropriate tool for managing organizational conflict if do not suffer the parties from time pressures. Solution to achieve the benefit of all the conviction of the importance common interests the manager can a therapist for the conflict broke out between his subordinates, when touching their tendency to encourage him and asked to sit down to determine the nature the conflict between them and the reasons for, and pray for themselves to appropriate solutions.
Conflict Avoidance
This attempts to keep the conflict surfacing at all or would simply ignore the conflict or impose a solution. This type of strategy may be used if the conflict is trivial or if quick action is needed to prevent the conflict from occurring.
Corporate Survival
This is the continued existence of a company especially in a difficult or dangerous condition.
Adaptability
Is an aspect of resilience that reflect clearing flexibility to experiment and adopt novel solutions and the development of generalized response to broad classes of challenges (Walter et al 2006).
Dynamic Capabilities
By contrast refers to the capacity of an organization to purposely create extend or modify it resources base (Helfat, et al 2007)
Conflict
This refers to a solution in which there are incompatible goals recognition or emotion within or individual or group that lead to opposition (Uya, 1992)
Conflict Management
This can be defined as attempt to control or regulate conflict through numbers of measures.