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(A CASE STUDY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
ABSTRACT
The practical work presented herein is that of the construction of car parking lot at the mechanical Engineering Department of Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori. The parking lot was constructed using interlocking paving stone in form of rigid pavement which measured the total area of 58m2 inside mechanical Engineering Department. The interlocking block was also submerge into the curing tank. The result obtained in the crushing of 7days is: Total= 23.5N/m2, Average= 11.75N/m2, Density: 7252.01kg/m2, for 14days is: Total = 26.75:N/m2, Average= 13.375N/m2, Density: 7640.51kg/m2 and for 21days is: Total= 21.25N/m2, Average= 10.625N/m2, Density= 7252.01kg/m2 .The car parking area was secured with kerbs to keep the paving interlocking stone in place, and also for the protection of erosion at the edges of the interlocking stone and cracks.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Cover Page ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………i
Title Page ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..ii
DECLARATION vii
CERTIFICATION x
DEDICATION xii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT xiii
ABSTRACT xiv
TABLE OF CONTENT xv
LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………………………………………
LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
LIST OF APPENDICES………………………………………………………………………………………………
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, NOMENCLATURE OR ACRONYM…………………………………
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of Study 1
1.2 Statement of Problem 3
1.3 Objectives of Study 4
1.4 Significance of Study 5
1.5 Justification of Study 6
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Historical Development of Engineered Paved Surface………………………………………
2.2 Characteristic of Pavement 7
2.3Economic importance of soil grade to pavement. 14
2.3.1 Sub-grade 15
2.3.2 Sub-base 16
2.3.3 Paving 17
2.3.4 Edging 18
2.3.5 Challenges with paving blocks 19
2.3.6 Solutions to the problem 19
2.4Classes of paving stones 20
2.5 Physical testing standard for paved stones 21
CHAPTER 3: METHOD AND MATERIAL 23
3.1 Description of work 23
3.2 Materials used 24
3.3 Production of the kerb and interlocking stone 24
3.4Construction of the paving lot 28
3.5Cost estimation of the construction 29
CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 31
4.1 Presentation of results (Finished work) 31
4.2 Discussion 37
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 38
5.1CONCLUSION 38
5.2RECOMMENDATIONS 39
REFERENCES 40
APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………………………………………………32
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of study
Mechanical engineering is a unique discipline that seeks to add aesthetic value to the environment using interlock/interlocking pavers,for construction and provision of car parking space.
The car park which is also known as parking lot (car lot), is a cleared area that is intended for the parking of vehicles. This term refers to a dedicated area that has been provided with a durable or semi-durable surface.
The Department of Mechanical engineering, school of engineering has decided to create parking space around its administrative block to reduce the parking along the road. The construction of the parking lot has been designed in an rectangular-Shape within the environment of Mechanical engineering department, with the aid of required standard of stone such as interlocking stone, and kerb (or curb)stone. “Interlock is to connect so that motion of any part is constrained by another”.
Interlock pavers are most commonly made from cement or concrete, and tend to simulate the efforts of cobblestone pathway.
This special interlocking feature enables pavers to be easily installed without the use of mortar.
PROPER INSTALLATION OF INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVERS
When installed properly, the combination of pavers, bedding sand, edge restraint and joint sand causes them to bind, allowing the pavers unit to become a unified whole.
Interlocking pavers’ blocks have the ability to transfer load and stresses laterally by means of an arching of bridging between units, spreading the load over a large area, reduces the stress thereby allowing heavier loads and reinforced concrete
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
The problem staff and students have in Mechanical Engineering is lack of car park or parking lot which leads to street parking ,which can result to accident. Blocking of road due to on-road and double parking. It makes road congested during official and lecture hours as both staff and student find it difficult to get a convenient parking space. So therefore it is necessary to have a good parking lot in other to decongest the Campus Street and road of parked cars.
1.3 Objectives of study
The main objectives of this study are as follows:
• To construct a parking lot this will serve for the purpose of reducing the possibility of potential hazard or accident.
• To add aesthetic value to the environment with the aid of flowers andBahamas grassfor beautification.
• To enable the students know the purpose of maintenance done one interlocking pavers.
• It is done to enable the student identify problems on interlocking pavers and proffer solutions.
• It is also done to enable student know how to interlock or use interlocking pavers.
1.4 Significance of study
This study is very important because it has seen the effect of lack of car park. The work carried out in this study is enormous and beneficial to the staff and students (the researchers) in term of provision of car park and knowledge acquisition respectively.
Additionally, its importance goes across reduction of on-road parking especially within the Mechanical Engineering Departmental office which is on a curved section of the campus streets, by this possibility of potential accident or hazard will be reduced as well as providing a paved area within the Mechanical Engineering Department for the removal of water log and the provision of flowers for beautification.
1.5 Justification of study
Mechanical engineering profession seeks to optimize the operation/manipulate the environment so as to reduce Possibility of potential hazards or accidents to the environment and to the workers in that environment. Accident retards the program of the development in any given area. This work will definitely and in the harnessing/control of such potential accidents by instituting a form of arrangement or orderliness in the department and will overall reduce the economic loss being faced by these series of occasional accident that occur.
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